Index
A
AAST. See American
Association for the urgery of Trauma (AAST)
Abdominal procedures
anterior mesh
procedures
components
outcomes
posterior mesh
rectopexy
Ripstein procedure
Abdominal radiography
air-fl uid levels
bowel dilation
cecal volvulus
Chilaiditi syndrome
chronic burned out
colitis
collection of air
peritoneal space
description
extraluminal air
gas collections
indications
intraluminal bowel
gas patterns
determination
intraperitoneal air
large bowel
obstruction
left lateral
decubitus fi lm
linear air bowel wall
pneumobilia
pneumoperitoneum
portal venous air
rectal foreign body
“Rigler” sign
sigmoid volvulus
small bowel
obstruction
volvulus
cecum/sigmoid
Abdominoperineal
resection (APR)
coloanal anastomosis
incision and
exploration
LAR sphincter
preservation
mobilization
oncologic superiority
ostomy
perineal dissection
position
radical resection
resection and
ligation
TME
Acquired immunodefi
ciency syndrome
(AIDS)
Acromegaly
Actinomycosis
Acute diverticulitis
complicated
dietary management
medical management
surgical management
anastomosis
complications
Hartmann reversal
indications
intra-abdominal
abscess
Mikulicz/Hartmann
procedure
procedures
recurrence after
laparoscopic resection
three-stage approach
The Acute Physiology
and Chronic Health
Evaluation (APACHE) scoring
system
Adenomas
carbon dioxide
insuffl ation
carcinoma sequence
defi nition and
pathology
mild/low-grade
dysplasia
pedunculated adenoma
Adenomas (cont.)
sessile adenoma
tubular adenoma
tubulovillous adenoma
endoscopic removal
epidemiology
fl at and depressed
hamartomas
hyperplastic polyps
infl ammatory polyps
malignant polyps
pedunculated polyps
polypectomy
presentation and
diagnosis
prevention
rectal
serrated polyps
sessile polyps
SSAs
submucosal injection
surveillance
Adenomatous polyposes
BannayanRileyRuvalcaba
syndromes
Cowden’s syndrome
desmoid disease
FAP ( see Familial
adenomatous polyposis
(FAP))
hamartomatous
polyposes
juvenile polyposis
MYH-associated
polyposis
PTEN tumor hamartoma
syndromes
serrated polyposis
upper
gastrointestinal polyposis
Adhesions prevention
Adrenal insuffi
ciency
AIDS. See Acquired
immunodefi ciency
syndrome (AIDS)
Alcohol
Ambulatory surgery
American Association
for the Surgery of
Trauma (AAST)
American Society of
Anesthesiologists (ASA)
classifi cation system
Anal agenesis
Anal canal
anatomic relations
anatomic vs. surgical
arterial supply
epithelium
innervations
muscles
neoplasms
adenocarcinoma
anatomic structures
EAUS
GISTs
lipomas and
leiomyomas
melanoma
mesorectum
small cell
carcinoma/neuroendocrine
tumors
TNM staging classifi
cation anal
cancer
tumor staging
ultrasound staging
classifi cation
venous and lymphatic
drainage
Anal cancer
anatomic
considerations
epidemiology
etiology and
pathogenesis
sphincter relaxants
symptoms
topical nitrates
treatment options
Anal resting tone
anorectal manometry
report
fecal incontinence
IAS and EAS
Anal sphincter
external
internal
Anal stenosis
Anal tattooing
Anastomosis
Angiodysplasia
Anisakiasis
Anorectal abscess
anal infection and
hematologic diseases
anatomy
classifi cation
complications
extra-anal causes
incontinence
recurrence
etiology
evaluation
physical exam
symptoms
necrotizing
infections
postoperative care
sepsis HIV-positive
patient
spaces
symptoms and signs
group one and two
treatment
treatment
antibiotics
catheter drainage
incision and drainage
primary fi stulotomy
principles
Anorectal angle
Anorectal defects
anorectal agenesis
persistent cloaca
rectal atresia/“high
atresia”
Anorectal immunology
Anorectal
malformations
adult colorectal
surgeons
anal defects
anorectal defects
classifi cation
colostomies
female defects
cloaca
imperforate anus
without fi stula
perineal fi stulas
rectal
atresia/stenosis
rectovaginal fi stula
vestibular fi stulas
hydrocolpos cloaca
initial management
female newborns
male newborns
male defects
imperforate anus
without fi stula
perineal fi stula
rectal
atresia/stenosis
rectobladder neck fi
stula
rectourethral fi
stula
management fecal
incontinence
NID
repair
female defects
male defects
treatment
urogenital
abnormalities
Anorectal manometry
anal resting tone
cough refl ex
equipment and testing
indications
RAIR
rectal sensation and
compliance
squeeze pressure
vector volume
manometry
Anorectal physiology
continence
continence and
defecation
angle and fl ap valve
normal defecation
reservoir
pathologic conditions
incontinence
obstructed defecation
pelvic fl oor and
sphincter complex
muscles
EAS
IAS
refl exes
BCR
cough refl ex
cutaneous-anal refl
ex
RAER
RAIR
sensory factors
Index
Anoscopy
Buie/Hirschman scope
complications
contraindications
Hinkel-James anoscope
indications
lighted Welch-Allyn
anoscope
positioning
preparation
technique
Vernon-David with
Hirschman handle
anoscope
Anterior mesh
procedures
Antibiotic
prophylaxis colon surgery
Anus
anorectal ring and
angle
anorectal spaces
canal ( see Anal
canal)
canal structure and anal
verge
conjoined
longitudinal muscle
defects
embryology
sphincter
APACHE scoring
system. See The Acute
Physiology and Chronic Health
Evaluation (APACHE) scoring
system
Arteriography
acute mesenteric
ischemia
arteriogram
arteriovenous
malformations
bleeding
capillary
telangiectasias
complications
contrast reactions
and toxicity
description
hydration and IV
mannitol
mesenteric angiogram
nonocclusive
mesenteric ischemia
Artifi cial bowel
sphincter
Ascariasis
Autonomy/decision-making capacity/
competency
vs. paternalism
refusal treatment
B
Bacterial
enteritis/colitis
actinomycosis
brucellosis
Campylobacter
Escherichia coli
LGV
neisseria gonorrhea
Salmonella
Shigella
syphilis
tuberculosis
Yersinia
Balloon expulsion
test
BannayanRileyRuvalcaba
Syndrome
Basal cell carcinomas
(BCC)
BCC. See Basal cell
carcinomas (BCC)
BCR. See
Bulbocavernosus refl ex (BCR)
Behcet’s disease
Benign colorectal
disorders
description
infectious disorders
Bioethics
autonomy
benefi cence
medical ethics
nonmalefi cence
philosophical
principles
Bipolar diathermy
Bleeding
Bone and brain
metastases
Bowel activity and
diet resumption
Bowel enema
Brooke ileostomy
operative technique
postoperative
complications
stoma site
Brucellosis
Bulbocavernosus refl
ex (BCR)
C
Calcium channel
blockers
Campylobacter
Carcinoembryonic
antigen (CEA)
Carcinoid tumors
clinical presentation
diagnostic tests
appendiceal
carcinoids
biochemical
colonic carcinoids
imaging
rectal carcinoids
small bowel
carcinoids
treatment
GIST
leukemia
Index
lymphoma
metastatic disease
neutropenic
enterocolitis
pathology
CCP. See Colitis
cystica profunda (CCP)
CD. See Crohn’s
disease (CD)
CD activity index (CDAI)
CDAI. See CD activity
index (CDAI)
CEA. See
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
Cecal volvulus
diagnosis
epidemiology/pathogenesis
treatment
Chancroid
Chlamydia
Cholecystectomy
Chronic and recurrent
diverticulitis
bowel rest and
antibiotics
historical data
immunocompromised
patients
surgical procedures
laparoscopic surgery
techniques
appropriate resection
Chronic pilonidal
sinus
nonsurgical approach
surgical approaches
algorithm
Bascom’s chronic
abscess curettage
Karydakis procedure
midline excision
unroofi ng and
secondary healing
ChurgStrauss syndrome
Clostridium diffi cile (CD)
endoscopy
pseudomembranous
colitis
CME. See Continuing
medical education
(CME)
CMV. See
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Colitis cystica
profunda (CCP)
Collagenous and
lymphocytic colitis
histologic criteria
treatment options
Coloanal anastomosis
baseline fecal
incontinence
distal margin
J pouch construction
tubular mobilization
Colon. See also Colon
cancer; Colonic
physiology
appendices epiploicae
appendix
ascending
atresia
blood supply
cecum
collateral
circulation
descending
diameter
duplications
haustra/haustral
sacculations
Hirschsprung’s
disease
innervation
length
lymphatic drainage
Meckel’s diverticulum
sigmoid
and small bowel
transverse
Colon and rectal
surgery
Colon cancer
and abdominal aortic
aneurysm
acute obstruction
adjuvant chemotherapy
stages II and III
biologic therapy
CEA
chemotherapy
clinical prognostic
factors
adjacent organ
involvement
age
blood transfusion
presentation
colectomy
description
distant metastatic
disease
hematogenous
histologic/biochemical/genetic factors
histologic grade
MSI
tumor budding
intramural spread
liver metastases
and liver metastases
lung metastases
lymphatic
lymph node
involvement
PET scans
preoperative
preparation
prophylactic
oophorectomy
radial margins
radiotherapy
sentinel node
assessment
signet-cell histology
Index
Colon cancer (cont.)
staging and
prognostic factors
anatomic
stage/prognostic groups
evolution
surgical technique
left colectomy
right colectomy
total abdominal
colectomy
synchronous lesions
transmural spread
transperitoneal/implantation
venous invasion
Colon cancer
laparoscopic or open resection
(COLOR)
Colonic inertia
antegrade colonic
enema
colectomy
description
proctocolectomy and
ileal pouch anal
anastomosis
sacral nerve
stimulation
segmental colon
resection
stoma
Colonic motility
recording
barometry
electrodes
indirect assessment
manometry
pressure determinations
Colonic neoplasia
Colonic physiology
constipation
defecation
function
salvage metabolism
and storage
water and
electrolytes transport
IBS
implications for
surgeon
motility
cellular basis
health
peristalsis
recording techniques
transit measurement
methods
obstructive
defecation
Ogilvie’s syndrome
sensation
Colonic transit
measurement
radiopaque markers
scintigraphy
wireless motility
capsule
Colonic volvulus
cecal
description
ileosigmoid knotting
sigmoid ( see Sigmoid
volvulus)
transverse colon and
splenic fl exure
Colon injuries
abdominal complications
anastomotic leaks
blood transfusions
fecal contamination
identify time delay
independent risk
factor
incidence
ISS
left- vs. right
injuries
pancreatic/ureteric
injuries
primary repair/resection
and
anastomosis
retained missiles
shock
technique repair
temporary abdominal
wall closure
description
diagnosis
epidemiology
operative management
destructive
historical
perspective
nondestructive
Colonoscopy
bleeding prophylaxis
chromoendoscopy
complications
contraindications
description
exophytic lesions
indications
intestinal
anastomoses
monitoring
preparation
submucosal lesions
technique
COLOR. See Colon
cancer laparoscopic or
open resection (COLOR)
Colorectal cancer
(CRC)
acromegaly
alcohol
APC protein
carcinogenesis
cholecystectomy
COLOR
Index
colorectal
carcinogenesis
diagnosis stage
dietary constituents
and supplements
family history
FAP
geographic variation
HPP syndrome
HRT
IBD
incidence and death
rates USA
incidence and
mortality rates
laparoscopic and
conventional surgery
NSAIDs
obesity
physical activity
radiation
screening
adenomatous polyps/adenocarcinoma
description
FAP
fecal screening tests
infl ammatory bowel
disease
Lynch syndrome
and polyps
risk and screening
recommendations
screening
recommendations
SEER incidence rates
USA
smoking
suppressor-gene
function
ureterosigmoidostomy
Colostomy
accurate anatomic
diagnosis
anorectal
malformation
Computed tomography
(CT)
anaphylactic reaction
colon and rectal
cancer
large colonic mass
descending colon
lymph nodes
preoperative scan
diverticulitis ( see
Diverticulitis)
infl ammatory bowel
disease
Crohn’s disease
ischemic colitis
neutropenic enterocolitis/typhlitis
pseudomembranous
colitis
small bowel
obstruction
ulcerative colitis
iodinated contrast
pelvic/rectal
pathology
postoperative
evaluation
anastomotic leak
arteriography
colonography
CTE
days
extraluminal oral
contrast
Meckel’s scintigraphy
MRI
PET
radionuclide imaging
RBC scintigraphy
water-soluble enemas
tumors colon
large heterogenous
exophytic
mass
lipomas
sarcomas
Computed tomography
enterography (CTE)
advantages
description
distal ileal Crohn’s
disease
strictured ileal
Crohn’s disease
Constipation
American Society of
Colon and Rectal
Surgeons
colonic inertia ( see
Colonic inertia)
defi nition and
prevalence
diagnostic testing
intestinal transit
laboratory and
obstructing colo
Continuing medical
education (CME) (cont.)
educational practices
cultural barriers
deliberate practice
mastery learning
effectiveness
knowledge application
and
psychomotor skills
practice performance
elements
“learning curve”
simulation research
State and territorial
licensing
Contrast enemas
abscesses
annular cancer and
“apple core sign”
barium enema
cobblestoning
colonic
intussusception
colonic lymphoma
complications of
diverticulitis
contained anastomotic
leak
Crohn’s disease
deep linear
ulceration
double-contrast
barium enema
endometriosis
fi stulae
incompetent ileocecal
valve
limitations
lymphoma
mucosa
rectal catheter
semiannular lesions
sigmoid and cecal
volvulus
single-contrast/double-contrast
small bowel series
and enteroclysis
strictures
ulcerative colitis
water-soluble enemas
Cough refl ex
“Covered anus.” See
Membranous atresia
Cowden’s syndrome
Crohn’s disease (CD)
after medical
induction remission
CDAI
classifi cation
contrast radiologic
studies
CT
complications
fi stulae
halo sign
scan
terminal ileum
diagnosis
disease locations
ileal disease
ileocolonic disease
laparoscopic
colectomy
perianal disease
proctocolectomy
rectal compliance
segmental colectomy
to subtotal/total
colectomy
transverse colon
upper
gastrointestinal disease
endoscopy
etiopathology
external bypass
fundamental
observations
immunomodulators and
biologic agents
indications surgery
internal bypass
laparoscopic
resection
medical
therapy/worsening symptoms
mesenteric thickness
intestinal disease
mild-to-moderate
disease
antibiotics
budesonide
sulfasalazine (SSZ)
and
-aminosalicylates (-ASA)
moderate-to-severe
contraindications to
anti-TNF agents
contraindications to
natalizumab
dosing guidelines
biologic therapy
fungal infections
Histoplasma
capsulatum
immunomodulators
indications biologic
therapies
infl iximab
loss of response to
anti-TNF agents
methotrexate (MTX)
natalizumab
neurologic disorders
oral corticosteroids
patients with
complications
tacrolimus
tuberculosis
Index
MRI
nondiseased bowel
operative indications
complications
extraintestinal
manifestations
failed medical
therapy
hemorrhage
neoplasia
perforation
severe colitis
pathology
patients’ initial
presentations
perianal
pouch
prevalence
prophylaxis
PSC
resection
serum tests
signs and symptoms
strictureplasty
symptoms
symptoms and signs
treatment
Cryotherapy
Cryptosporidiosis
CT. See Computed
tomography (CT)
CTE. See Computed
tomography enterography
(CTE)
Cutaneous-anal refl
ex
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
clinical
manifestations
colitis
infection
D
Deep venous
thrombosis (DVT)
Defecation
anorectal angle and
fl ap valve
description
normal
obstructive ( see
Obstructive defecation)
Delorme procedure
mucosa and submucosa
outcomes
Desmoid disease
description
investigation
management
mesenteric
presentation
staging system
tumor small bowel
mesentery
Dietary constituents
and supplements
Digital rectal
examination (DRE)
Direct-current
electrotherapy
Distant metastases
detection
FDG-PET pathologic
response
nodal staging
PET scan
sensitivity and
specifi city
Distant metastatic
disease
Diverticular disease
acute ( see Acute
diverticulitis)
cecal and right-sided
diverticulitis
chronic ( see Chronic
and recurrent
diverticulitis)
clinical
manifestations
acute and chronic
classifi cation
noninfl ammatory
disease
physical fi ndings
symptoms
colitides
appendicitis and gynecologic
colonic neoplasia
complications
abscess
bleeding
fi stula
obstruction
perforation
phlegmon
stricture
ureteral obstruction
description
diagnostic evaluation
abdominal X-rays
colonography
contrast studies
CT scan
endoscopy
ultrasonography
epidemiology
age and gender
alcohol
diet
immune status
NSAIDs
smoking
etiology
giant colonic
incidence
infl ammatory bowel
disease
Index
Diverticular disease
(cont.)
irritable bowel
syndrome
LGIB
pathophysiology
polycystic kidney
disease
rectal
transverse colon
urologic disease
in young patients
Diverticulitis. See
also Chronic and recurrent
diverticulitis
colovesical fi stula
dirty fat
mesenteric and pericolonic
infl ammation
pericolonic abscesses
thickening bladder
wall
uncomplicated
Donabedian Model
Quality of Care
interrelated
components
limitations process
measures
patient-reported
survey instruments
process
structural measure
health system level
institution level
limitations quality
practitioner level
DRE. See Digital
rectal examination (DRE)
DVT. See Deep venous
thrombosis (DVT)
Dynamic fl uoroscopic
defecography
anorectal angle and
rectal emptying
description
patient’s
embarrassment
peritoneocele
enterocele and
sigmoidocele
rectal
intussusception and rectal prolapse
rectocele
Dynamic MR
defecography
Dyskinetic
puborectalis
E
EAS. See External
anal sphincter (EAS)
EAUS. See Endoanal
ultrasound (EAUS)
Electromyography
(EMG)
Emergency vs.
elective procedures
EMG. See
Electromyography (EMG)
Endoanal ultrasound
(EAUS)
anal canal neoplasms
anatomic defects
identifi cation
equipment and
technique
fecal incontinence
evaluation
image interpretation
anal canal anatomy
distal anal canal
perineal body
measurements
puborectalis
ultrasonographic
anatomy
indication
perianal sepsis and
fi stula in ano
three-dimensional
Endoluminal
ultrasound
“Big Mac” analogy
EAUS ( see Endoanal
ultrasound (EAUS))
endorectal ultrasound
(ERUS) images
equipment and
technique
fi ve-layer anatomic
model ERUS scan
layers rectal wall
postoperative
follow-up
rectal neoplasms
assessment
nodal involvement
ultrasound staging
classifi cation
(uTNM)
uT lesions
uT lesions
uT lesions
uT lesions
uT lesions
ultrasound accuracy
rectal cancer
Endometriosis
clinical
manifestations
infertility
intestinal symptoms
pelvic pain and
dysmenorrhea
sites and incidence
description
diagnosis
endoscopy
imaging techniques
laboratory evaluation
laparoscopy
physical examination
epidemiology
etiology
growth and etiology
malignant
transformation
treatment
Endoscopy
anoscopy ( see
Anoscopy)
colonoscopy
fl exible
sigmoidoscopy
Index
ileoscopy
pouchoscopy
rigid
proctosigmoidoscopy
Enterocele
classifi cation
colorectal symptoms
incidence/prevalence
levator plate and
enlargement
MRI levator hiatus
multiorgan prolapse
pelvic organ prolapse
External anal
sphincter (EAS)
External-beam
radiation (EBRT)
F
Familial adenomatous
polyposis (FAP)
adenoma
chemoprevention
attenuated familial
adenomatous polyposis
colorectal cancer
screening
description
extracolonic
manifestations
features
Gardner’s syndrome
genetics
genetic testing
genotypephenotype
correlation
large bowel
management
polyposis registries
postoperative
surveillance
presentation and
screening
symptoms
Turcot’s syndrome
Familiar
case-management system
categories patient
encounters
clinical ethics
system
colon and rectal
surgeons
FAP. See Familial
adenomatous polyposis
(FAP)
Fecal incontinence
algorithm
description
diagnostic studies
anorectal manometry
colonoscopy
defecography
EMG
endoanal ultrasound
PNTML
etiology
evaluation
medical management
therapies
biofeedback
bulking agents
constipating agents
injectables
laxative regimen and
scheduled
disimpactions
Secca ® procedure
operative procedures
anterior overlapping
sphincteroplasty
artifi cial bowel
sphincter
fecal diversion
gracilis muscle
transposition
muscle transposition
parks posterior anal
repair
SNS
patient history
physical examination
Fecal screening tests
colonoscopy
contrast enema
cost and
reimbursement
description
sigmoidoscopy
virtual
colonoscopy/MR
FFS. See Flexible
videosigmoidoscope (FFS)
FGPs. See Fundic
gland polyps (FGPs)
Fistulae
chronic presacral
abscess/sinus
colocutaneous
colovaginal
enterotomies and
enterocutaneous fi stulae
Turnbull-Cutait
Fistula-in-ano
CD
classifi cation
extrasphincteric
intersphincteric
suprasphincteric
transsphincteric
complications incontinence
evaluation
computed tomography
scan
endoanal ultrasound
fi stulography
hydrogen peroxide
MRI
physical examination
symptoms
HIV-positive patient
mucinous
adenocarcinoma
pathophysiology
Index
Fistula-in-ano
(cont.)
postoperative care
recurrence
treatment
anal fi stula plug
biologic injectables
fi brin glue
fi stulectomy
fl aps
lay-open technique
LIFT
principles
seton
Fistulotomy
Flat and depressed
adenomas
Flexible
sigmoidoscopy
complications
contraindications
FFS
indications
positioning
preparation
technique
Flexible
videosigmoidoscope (FFS)
-Fluorodeoxyglucose
positron emission
tomography (FDG-PET)
Fundic gland polyps
(FGPs)
biopsy representative
and duodenal adenomas
Fungal
enteritis/colitis
candida
cryptococcus
histoplasmosis
G
Gardner’s syndrome
Gastrointestinal
stomal tumors (GISTs)
diagnosis
epidemiology
palliative therapy
prognosis
rectal
treatment
Genitourinary
complications
female infertility
injuries
bladder
ureter
urethra
sexual dysfunction
female
male
trapped ovary
syndrome
urinary dysfunction
Giardia lamblia
GISTs. See
Gastrointestinal stomal tumors
offi ce-based
procedures
operative procedures
physical examination
in pregnancy
strangulated
symptoms
anal
external
internal
varices and portal
hypertension
HenochSchonlein
purpura (HSP)
Hepatic artery
infusional chemotherapy (HAI)
Hereditary colorectal
cancer
adenomatous polyposes
( see Adenomatous
polyposes)
BannayanRileyRuvalcaba
Syndrome
Cowden’s syndrome
description
desmoid disease
familial colorectal
cancer type X
hamartomatous
polyposes
HNPCC ( see
Hereditary nonpolyposis
colorectal cancer (HNPCC))
juvenile polyps
MYH-associated
polyposis
PTEN tumor hamartoma
syndromes
serrated polyposis
syndrome
upper
gastrointestinal polyposis
Hereditary
nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
(HNPCC)
amsterdam criteria
description
Lynch syndrome ( see
Lynch syndrome)
MuirTorre syndrome (
see MuirTorre
syndrome)
Hereditary syndrome
Herpes simplex virus
(HSV)
Hidradenitis
suppurativa
algorithm
bacteriology
clinical presentation
and diagnosis
description
incidence and
etiology
nonsurgical treatment
pathophysiology
surgical treatment
curative intent
local infection
control
HIPEC. See Heated
intraperitoneal
chemotherapy (HIPEC)
Hirschsprung’s
disease
HIV-related anal
cancer
Kaposi’s sarcoma
lymphoma
Hormone replacement
therapy (HRT)
CRC
mechanisms
HPP. See Hyperplastic
polyposis (HPP)
HPV. See Human
papillomavirus (HPV)
HRAs. See Health
reimbursement
arrangements (HRAs)
HRT. See Hormone
replacement therapy (HRT)
HSP. See HenochSchonlein
purpura (HSP)
HSV. See Herpes
simplex virus (HSV)
Human papillomavirus
(HPV)
anal intraepithelial
dysplasia and anal
cancer
condyloma acuminata
DNA papovavirus
and GCA
imiquimod
perianal condyloma
podofi lox
Hyperplastic
polyposis (HPP)
Hyperplastic polyps
goblet cells
hereditary syndrome
microscopic view
I
IAS. See Internal
anal sphincter (IAS)
IBD. See Infl
ammatory bowel disease (IBD)
IBS. See Irritable
bowel syndrome (IBS)
Ileal disease
Ileal pouch anal
anastomosis (IPAA)
anorectal sphincter
mechanism
daytime continence
hand-assisted
colectomy
operative technique
digital rectal
examination
double-stapled
J-pouch anastomosis
Handsewn ileoanal
anastomosis
J confi guration and
pouch constructed
Lone Star ™ retractor
mucosal stripping
mucosectomy
omentectomy
tension-free ileoanal
anastomosis
postoperative
complications
pouchitis
RAIR
technical maneuvers
wound appearance
surgery
Index
Ileoanal pouch
Ileocolonic disease
Ileorectal
anastomosis (IRA)
Ileoscopy
complications
contraindications
indications
positioning
preparation
technique
Ileosigmoid knotting
diagnosis
epidemiology/pathogenesis
treatment
Ileostomy vs.
colostomy
Imperforate anus. See
Anorectal
malformations
Incontinence
Infectious disorders
AIDS diarrhea
bacterial
enteritis/colitis ( see Bacterial
enteritis/colitis)
CD
collagenous and
lymphocytic colitis
eosinophilic colitis
fungal
enteritis/colitis
ischemic colitis
parasitic
enteritis/colitis
radiation colitis
vasculitis and
connective tissue disorders
viral
enteritis/colitis
Infl ammatory bowel
disease (IBD)
and CRC
diagnosis
diagnosis and
evaluation
acute patient with
acute exacerbation
CD
computed tomography
(CT)
contrast radiologic
studies
description
disease severity
assessment
endoscopy
epidemiology
extraintestinal
manifestations
genetic disease
determinants
indeterminate colitis
magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI)
nuclear medicine
plain X-rays
serum tests
UC
ultrasound
wireless capsule
endoscopy
phases treatment
screening
Infl ammatory polyps
Infrared
photocoagulation
bipolar diathermy and
direct-current
electrotherapy
description
Injury severity score
(ISS)
Internal anal
sphincter (IAS)
Interstitial cells of
Cajal
Intestinal stomas
complications
edematous and
congested
high-output stomas
incisional hernia
rate
obstruction
parastomal hernia
remains
prolapse
skin problems
stone formation
creation
description
distal anastomotic
protection
fl ora
fl uid and
electrolyte balance
Hartman’s reversal
ideal sites
ileostomy vs.
colostomy
incidence
indications and types
irrigation and
continence
laparoscopy
nutrition
ostomy
physiological changes
preoperative planning
surgical principles
transit
volume
Intra-abdominal
abscess
Intraoperative
radiation therapy (IORT)
IPAA. See Ileal pouch
anal anastomosis
(IPAA)
IRA. See Ileorectal
anastomosis (IRA)
Irritable bowel
syndrome (IBS)
change bowel habits
differential
diagnosis
Index
epidemiology
extracolonic
complaints
gastrointestinal
motility
medical therapy
mucorrhea/abdominal
bloating
mucosal infl ammation
pathophysiology
physiology
probiotics
psychological abnormalities
Rome criteria
The Rome II criteria
SIBO syndrome
symptoms
treatment
visceral
hypersensitivity
Ischemic colitis
ISS. See Injury
severity score (ISS)
J
Juvenile polyps
cancer risk and
management
description
genetics
K
Kock Pouch/Continent
ileostomy
L
Laparoscopic
approaches
Laparoscopic
colorectal surgery
bowel activity and
diet resumption
colon and rectal
cancer
colorectal cancer
contiguous organ
attachment
conversion rates
Crohn’s disease
description
diverticulitis
fast-track protocols
hand-assisted
laparoscopy
hospital costs
NOTES colectomy
operative issues
operative time
outcomes
postoperative pain
and pulmonary function
recovery
rectal cancer
rectal prolapse
robotic colorectal
surgery
single-incision colectomy
stay length
training and
credentialing
tumor localization
ulcerative colitis
wound implants
prevention
Laparoscopic radical
resection (LAR)
LAR. See Laparoscopic
radical resection
(LAR)
Leaks
diagnosis and
management
fecal diversion
pelvic drains
Left colectomy
Leukemia
Levator ani muscle
defi nition
levator hiatus
puborectalis muscle
Levator hiatus
LGIB. See Lower
gastrointestinal bleeding
(LGIB)
LGV. See
Lymphogranuloma venereum
(LGV)
Ligation of the
intersphincteric fi stula tract
(LIFT) procedure
Liver metastasis
ablative procedures
biomarker targeted
therapy
chemotherapy
CT scan
diagnosis
HAI
margin status
MRI
natural history
patient selection
pulmonary
metastasectomy colorectal
cancer
recurrence
Local and regional
staging rectal cancer
DRE
MRI
rectal ultrasound
Local excision rectal
cancer
lymph node metastases
sound scientifi c
research
TEM
transanal techniques
treatment algorithm
LOH. See Loss of
heterozygosity (LOH)
Loss of
heterozygosity (LOH)
Index
Lower
gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB)
algorithm management
capsule endoscopy
clinical presentation
physical exam and
management
angiography
colonoscopy
multidetector row
computed
tomography (MDCT)
patient’s hemodynamic
stability
radionuclide
scintigraphy
surgery
description
endoscopy
epidemiology
etiology
angiodysplasia
anorectal
colonoscopy
diverticular disease
ischemic colitis
malignancy
OGIB
rectal injury
management issues
prognostic indicators
Lung metastasis
LVI. See
Lymphovascular invasion (LVI)
Lymphogranuloma
venereum (LGV)
Lymphoma
Lymphovascular
invasion (LVI)
Lynch syndrome
clinical features
colorectal cancer
screening
defi nition
DNA microsatellites
DNA mismatch repair
fl at adenoma
hMLH
immunohistochemistry
LOH
microsatellite
instability
pathology
M
Magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI)
description
enlarged right pelvic
side wall lymph node
fecal incontinence
fi stula in ano
implanted devices
initial rectal cancer
staging
rectal cancer staging
T staging
Malignant polyps
Haggitt’s classifi
cation system
LVI
submucosal invasion
MBP. See Mechanical
bowel preparation
(MBP)
Mechanical bowel
preparation (MBP)
Meckel’s diverticulum
Meckel’s scintigraphy
Medical and clinical
ethics
advance directives
durable power
attorney
living will
problems
talking about death
application
autonomy/decision-making capacity/
competency
bioethics ( see
Bioethics)
communication and
internet
concepts
confi dentiality
genetic diagnosis
principles
elderly patients
abuse
familiar
case-management system ( see
Familiar case-management system)
futility/withholding
treatment
concepts
DNR and need surgery
Good Samaritan
informed consent
legal consultation
malpractice
organ donation
pain relief
determination death
and double effect
hastening death
principles
palliative
care/hospice
patientsurgeon
relationship
personal challenges
competence/impairment/insight
family
professionalism
problems surgery
professionalism and
interpersonal relations
Index
considerations
residents and fellows
rationing
care/cutting corners
regulatory law
research/innovation
concepts
industry and drug
money
placebo surgery
statutory law
suboptimal care
“blowing the whistle”
concepts
suicidal patients
surgeon special
teaching purposes
treatment withdrawal
euthanasia/physician-assisted suicide/
terminal sedation
principles
truth/disclosing
errors
concepts
prognosis
types of law
Medical malpractice
communication
adverse events bad
news and
apologies
emails
defensive charting
electronic medical
records
etiology speculation
plaintiff’s pre-claim
review
record tampering and
deception
elements
HIPAA
informed consent
communication process
documentation
lawsuit stress
recurring malpractice
themes
research and
innovative surgery
database registries
insider trading
promotional
prohibitions
research vs.
innovative practice
Medicare Economic
Index (MEI)
Membranous atresia
Metastatic
(palliation)
defi nition
development multistep
process
diagnosis/staging
drug combinations
hemodynamic fi
ltering
lymph node metastasis
malignant invasion
multidisciplinary
evaluation
palliative management
( see Primary
cancer)
pro-and
anti-angiogenic factors
treatment algorithms
tumorigenesis
Metastatic colorectal
cancer surveillance
abdomen/pelvis
abnormal results
chest
cost-effectiveness
effectiveness and
meta-analyses
endoscopic
surveillance
locally recurrent
colon cancer
locally recurrent
rectal cancer
metachronous colon
and rectal
neoplasms
hereditary colorectal
cancer
history and physical
examination
intensity of
follow-up
laboratory evaluation
PET
quality of life
risk and timing
Metastatic disease
cytotoxic
chemotherapy
metastatic melanoma
neuroendocrine (NE)
system
primary melanoma
treatment
Microsatellite
instability (MSI)
Molecular profi ling
and chemoresistance
Molluscum Contagiosum
MRI. See Magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI)
MSI. See
Microsatellite instability (MSI)
MuirTorre syndrome
Bethesda criteria
chemoprevention
description
diagnosis
genetic testing
histology
predictive models
prognosis
surveillance
treatment
tumor testing MSI and
immunohistochemistry
Multimodality therapy
MYH-associated
polyposis
Index
N
Natural orifi ce
transluminal endoscopic
surgery (NOTES)
Neisseria gonorrhea
Neuronal intestinal
dysplasia (NID)
Neurophysiologic
tests
electromyography
pudendal nerve
terminal motor latency
Neutropenic
enterocolitis
NID. See Neuronal
intestinal dysplasia (NID)
Nonsteroidal
anti-infl ammatory drugs
(NSAIDs)
antineoplastic action
and aspirin
colorectal neoplasia
diverticular disease
NOTES. See Natural
orifi ce transluminal
endoscopic surgery (NOTES)
NSAIDs. See
Nonsteroidal anti-infl ammatory
drugs (NSAIDs)
O
Obscure
gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB)
Obstructive
defecation
dyskinetic
puborectalis
physiology
rectocele
suspected
enterocele/rectocele
OGIB. See Obscure
gastrointestinal bleeding
(OGIB)
Ogilvie’s syndrome
Ovarian metastasis
BRCA
HNPCC
pathogenesis
P
PAD. See Preoperative
autologous donation
(PAD)
PAN. See
Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN)
Parasitic
enteritis/colitis
amebiasis
anisakiasis
ascariasis
balantidiasis
cryptosporidiosis
giardia lamblia
schistosomiasis
strongyloidiasis
tapeworm
trichuriasis
trypanosomiasis
Patient evaluation
rectal cancer
colonoscopy
DRE
endoscopic diagnosis
imaging rectal cancer
patient's fecal
continence
preoperative staging
sigmoidoscopy
Pediatric colorectal
disorders
anal fi ssure
anorectal
malformations ( see Anorectal
malformations)
Hirschsprung’s
disease
idiopathic
constipation
Juvenile polyps
perianal fi stula
rectal prolapse
total colonic
aganglionosis
ultrashort-segment
Hirschsprung’s
Pedunculated adenoma
Pelvic bleeding
Pelvic diaphragm. See
Levator ani muscle
Pelvic fl oor
disorders
cystoproctography/cystodefecography
description
endopelvic fascia
enterocele ( see
Enterocele)
hypermobile bladder
neck
levator ani
rectocele ( see
Rectocele)
Pelvic fl oor
musculature categories
Perianal Crohn’s
disease
Perianal disease
Perianal neoplasms
BCC
Paget’s disease
verrucous carcinoma
Perianal sepsis
Perianal skin lesions
laboratory examination
morphology
physical examination
Perianal squamous
cell carcinoma
clinical
characteristics
staging
treatment options
Perineal operations
Delorme procedure
rectosigmoidectomy
thiersch procedure
Index
Perineal wound
infection
Perineo-proctotomy
Peristalsis
Peritoneal
carcinomatosis
disease control
certain patients
HIPEC
metachronous
metastases
staging systems
Peritoneocele
PeutzJeghers syndrome
(PJS)
Physiological and
Operative Severity Score for
enUmeration of Mortality and
morbidity (POSSUM)
Physiologic testing
anatomic assessment
endoanal ultrasound
(EUS)
MRI
anorectal and colonic
anorectal manometry (
see Anorectal
manometry)
balloon expulsion
test
dynamic fl uoroscopic
defecography ( see
Dynamic fl uoroscopic
defecography)
dynamic MR
defecography
gastrointestinal transit
studies
neurophysiologic
tests
electromyography
pudendal nerve
terminal motor latency
pelvic fl oor
ultrasound
perineometry
saline continence
test
Pilonidal disease
acute abscess
algorithm
chronic sinus ( see
Chronic pilonidal sinus)
clinical presentation
and diagnosis
description
incision and drainage
pathogenesis
recurrent/complex
pilonidal sinus
PJS. See PeutzJeghers
syndrome (PJS)
PNTML. See Pudendal
nerve terminal motor
latency (PNTML)
Polyarteritis nodosa
(PAN)
arteriography
ChurgStrauss syndrome
Polycystic kidney
disease
Polyps
adenomas ( see
Adenomas)
description
Positron emission
tomography
Positron emission
topography
POSSUM. See
Physiological and Operative
Severity Score for enUmeration of
Mortality and morbidity (POSSUM)
Posterior mesh
rectopexy
outcomes
sponge
Postoperative
analgesia
Postoperative ileus
Postoperative
management
adrenal insuffi
ciency
analgesia
fl uid management
postoperative
gastrointestinal recovery
ambulation
early refeeding and
nasogastric tubes
gum chewing
ileus treatment and
prevention
PONV
problem
prophylactic
perioperative antibiotics
pulmonary
complications prevention
standardized
fast-track protocols
venous
thromboembolism prevention
elastic stockings and
SCDs
low-dose
unfractionated heparin
low-molecular-weight
heparin
risk factors
VTE prophylaxis and
epidural analgesia
Postoperative nausea
and vomiting (PONV)
acupuncture
droperidol
Koivuranta score
management algorithms
monotherapy agents
ondansetron
prevention
risk factors
Pouchoscopy
ileoanal pouch
Kock Pouch/Continent
ileostomy
Preoperative
autologous donation (PAD)
Preoperative
evaluation and patient selection
chemoradiation
FDG-PET imaging
physical examination
and radiographic
studies
Index
Preoperative
management
ambulatory surgery
antibiotics
beta-blockade
bowel preparation
communication patient
DVT
inpatient surgery
abdominal surgery
APACHE scoring system
ASA classifi cation
system
chest X-rays
coagulation tests
CR-POSSUM score
EKG
Goldman cardiac risk
index
operative scoring
system
PNI
POSSUM
preoperative blood
glucose
determination
protein catabolism
renal and liver
function tests
scoring systems
urine pregnancy test
transfusion and
hematologic evaluation
trials and
meta-analyses
Presacral tumors
anatomy and
neurophysiology
anterior view pelvic
anatomy
musculoskeletal
consequences
pelvic structures to
presacral space
sacrectomy
classifi cation
anterior sacral
meningoceles
congenital neurogenic
osseous and
miscellaneous
enterogenous cysts
epidermoid and
dermoid cysts
miscellaneous lesions
neurogenic tumors
osseous tumors
sacrococcygeal
chordoma
tailgut cysts
teratomas
description
diagnostic tests
biopsy
chordoma
cystic teratoma with
sacral appendage
imaging technique
neoadjuvant therapy
pelvic neurofi broma
follow-up
considerations
history and physical
examination
posterior approach
preoperative
abdominal and
sacral-perineal
approach
coccygectomy
index fi nger anal
canal to “push”
tumor
lower sacrum/coccyx
positioning
surgical treatment
multidisciplinary
team
plastic surgeon
rationale aggressive
approach
tumor to sacral level
and proposed
approach
treatment
algorithm
congenital cystic
lesions
malignant lesions
Primary cancer
palliative management
incidence and
presentation
laser therapy and
fulguration
self-expanding metal
stents
surgical management
bowel resection
large-bowel
obstruction
pelvic symptom
control
treatment algorithm
stage IV colon and
rectal cancer
Primary rectal
cancers
multimodality
treatment
local/extrapelvic
disease
perioperatively
related mortality
preoperative
chemoradiation
palliative care
surgery
Primary sclerosing
cholangitis (PSC)
Prognostic
nutritional index (PNI)
Prophylactic
oophorectomy
Prophylactic
perioperative antibiotics
Pruritus ani
atopic dermatitis
coexisting anal
disease
contact dermatitis
etiologies
fecal contamination
food factors
Index
infection
bacteria
fungus
virus
itch syndromes
lichen sclerosus
neoplasms
perianal skin lesions
( see Perianal skin
lesions)
physiologic considerations
psoriasis
psychological factors
skin trauma
steroid-induced
itching
treatment
PSC. See Primary
sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)
Pseudomembranous
colitis
Pudendal nerve
terminal motor latency
(PNTML)
Q
Quality of Health
Care
appropriateness and
criteria
development
usage and limitations
attribution quality
colorectal surgery
comparative
effectiveness
conceptual model
cost-effectiveness
data
description
history
limitations measures
R
Radiation colitis
endoscopic view
mechanisms
RTOG
Radiation Therapy
Oncology Group (RTOG)
Radiology
contrast enemas
CT ( see Computed
tomography (CT))
plain fi lms ( see
Abdominal radiography)
Radionuclide imaging
RAER. See Rectal anal
excitatory refl ex
(RAER)
RAIR. See Rectoanal
inhibitory refl ex
(RAIR)
Rectal anal
excitatory refl ex (RAER)
Rectal cancer
accuracy of ERUS
staging
adjuvant chemotherapy
stage I rectal cancer
stages II and III
adjuvant vs.
neoadjuvant therapy
chemotherapeutic
agents
lymph node staging
neoadjuvant therapy
and sphincter
preservation
unresectable rectal
cancer
patient
antibiotic
prophylaxis
APR ( see
Abdominoperineal resection
(APR))
biologic issues
bowel preparation
extended resection
laparoscopically
assisted resections
local excision vs.
radical resection
perioperative
systemic antibiotic
coverage
recurrent colorectal
carcinoma
robotic assisted
procedures
surgical anatomy
-year survival rates
radiation dose and
timing of surgery
radiation therapy
recurrent
ultrasound
accuracy
diagnosis
staging classifi
cation (uTNM)
Rectal injuries
antibiotic
prophylaxis
description
diagnosis
epidemiology
foreign bodies
genitourinary
omentum
operative management
distal rectal washout
fecal diversion with
colostomy
presacral drainage
repair
organ injury scale
stoma-related
complications
wound management
Rectal
intussusception
Index
Rectal prolapse
abdominal operations
CCP and SRUS
laparoscopy
operations
outcomes
patient evaluation
perineal operations
recurrent
Rectal sensation
Rectal sleeve
advancement
description
technique
Rectoanal inhibitory
refl ex (RAIR)
Rectocele
barium trapping
constipation
cystodefecographies
defi nition
endopelvic layer
evaluation and
determination
global transformation
incontinence
mesh slings
perineal descent
rectovaginal septum
sacrocolpopexy
sequential episodes
defecation
STAPL and STARR
TPMR
transabdominal
approaches
transvaginal
techniques
type I and II
Rectosigmoidectomy
Rectourethral fi
stulas
anterior
transanorectal approach
cystectomy and ileal
conduit
investigations
Kraske laterosacral
approach
operative treatment
paranal approach
pathophysiology
perineal approach
symptoms
transabdominal
approach
transanal endoscopic
microsurgery
York Mason approach
Rectovaginal fi stula
(RVF)
Crohn’s disease
cryptoglandular
disease
description
etiology
evaluation
fi brin sealant
Foley catheter
height
iatrogenic
and IBD
inversion
layered closure
lighting and
retractors
malignancy
mucosal advancement
fl aps
obstetrical injury
persistent
physical examination
radiation therapy
radiography
rectal sleeve
advancement ( see Rectal
sleeve advancement)
resection
simple vs. complex
sphincteroplasty and
perineo- proctotomy
tissue interposition
bioprosthetics
bowel
labial fat
pad/bulbocavernous muscle
muscle
perineal dissection
and mobilized
muscle
rectal and vaginal
openings
Rectum
anatomic relations
anorectal ring and
angle
arterial supply
characterisation
embryology
fascial relationships
innervation
length
“mesorectum”
proximal and distal
limits
urogenital
considerations
venous and lymphatic
drainage
Recurrent colorectal
carcinoma
Recurrent prolapse
Reimbursement process
Medicare
division
hospital
reimbursement
medicare resources
MEI
physician
reimbursement
Prescription Drug
Coverage
SGR
private payers
Index
Rhomboid fl ap
Bascom Cleft Lift
myocutaneous fl aps
skin grafting
V-Y fl ap
Z-plasty
Right colectomy
extended
ileocolic
maneuver
posterior approach
vascular ligation
Rigid
proctosigmoidoscopy
complications
contraindications
indications
positioning
preparation
sizes
technique
Ripstein procedure
outcomes
sacral promontory
Robotic colorectal
surgery
Rotation intestinal
tract
abnormalities
incomplete attachment
cecum and
mesentery
internal hernias
malrotation
nonrotation
omphalocele
reversed rotation
fi xation of midgut
physiologic
herniation primitive digestive
tube
return of midgut to
abdomen
RTOG. See Radiation
Therapy Oncology
Group (RTOG)
Rubber band ligation
RVF. See Rectovaginal
fi stula (RVF)
S
Sacral nerve
stimulation (SNS)
Saline continence
test
SAPS. See Simplifi ed
acute physiology score
(SAPS)
SBO. See Small bowel
obstruction (SBO)
SCC. See Squamous
cell carcinomas (SCC)
Schistosomiasis
Scleroderma
Sclerotherapy
Self-expanding metal
stents (SEMS)
Sequential
compression devices (SCDs)
Serrated polyposis
Serrated polyps
Serum tests IBD
Sessile adenoma
Sessile serrated
adenomas (SSAs)
endoscopic appearance
microscopic view
Sexually transmitted
diseases (STDs)
anorectal immunology
bacterial pathogens
chancroid
gonorrhea
granuloma inguinale
LGV
syphilis
description
viral pathogens
anal intraepithelial
dysplasia HPV and
anal cancer
HIV and AIDS
HPV
HSV
Molluscum Contagiosum
SIBO syndrome. See
Small intestinal bacterial
overgrowth (SIBO) syndrome
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoid volvulus
diagnosis
barium enema study
CT scan
detorsion/sigmoidopexy
plain abdominal X-ray
epidemiology/pathogenesis
treatment
anastomosis vs.
Hartmann’s procedure
colonoscopy
detorsion
megacolon and
abdominal colectomy
mesenteric fi xation
techniques
midline laparotomy
incision
nonresectional
techniques
parallel colopexy
plain abdominal fi lm
pregnant patient
stoma formation
Simplifi ed acute
physiology score (SAPS)
Single-incision
colectomy
SLE. See Systemic
lupus erythematosis (SLE)
Index
Small bowel
obstruction (SBO)
air-fl uid levels
contrast studies
CT
advantages
incarcerated hernia
ischemia
pneumatosis and
portal venous gas
scans
“small bowel feces”
initial therapy and
nonoperative
management
plain radiographs
presentation and
diagnosis
special situations
anastomotic
“overhealing”
early postoperative
bowel obstruction
surgical technique
Small intestinal
bacterial overgrowth (SIBO)
syndrome
SNS. See Sacral nerve
stimulation (SNS)
Solitary rectal ulcer
syndrome (SRUS)
Sphincteroplasty
Spigelman staging
system
duodenal polyposis
polyp features
Squamous cell
carcinomas (SCC)
clinical
characteristics
evaluation
residual/recurrent
disease
staging
treatment
chemoradiation
therapy
radiation therapy
surgery
Squeeze pressure
SRUS. See Solitary
rectal ulcer syndrome
(SRUS)
SSAs. See Sessile
serrated adenomas (SSAs)
Stapled transanal
rectal resection (STARR)
STARR. See Stapled
transanal rectal resection
(STARR)
STDs. See Sexually
transmitted diseases
(STDs)
Strangulated
hemorrhoids
Stricture
Strongyloidiasis
Surgical education
ACGME
cognitive learning
colon and rectal
surgery
duty hours
regulations
Medicare budget
technical skills
Surgical procedures
distal and radial
margins
lateral lymph node
dissection
selection appropriate
therapy
total mesorectal
excision
variability outcome
Sustainable growth
rate (SGR)
Synchronous lesions
Syphilis
defi nition
hematogenous
dissemination
multiple anal
chancres
painless
posterior-lateral ulceration
primary stage
solitary anal chancre
spirochetes dark-fi
eld microscopy
suppurative inguinal
lymphadenopathy
Systemic lupus
erythematosis (SLE)
T
TABS. See
Transabdominal bowel sonography
(TABS)
TAMIS. See Transanal
minimally invasive
surgery (TAMIS)
TEN. See Toxic
epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Thiersch procedure
outcomes
performance
TME. See Total
mesorectal excision (TME)
Total abdominal
colectomy
Total mesorectal
excision (TME)
Total pelvic mesh
repair (TPMR)
Toxic epidermal
necrolysis (TEN)
TPMR. See Total
pelvic mesh repair (TPMR)
Transabdominal bowel
sonography (TABS)
Transanal hemorrhoidal
dearterialization
acute thrombosis
external hemorrhoids
specialized anoscope
Transanal minimally
invasive surgery
(TAMIS)
Transanal techniques
anterior lesions
TEM
assembled TEM
equipment
defect closed in
transverse fashion
lesion
Index
local and radical
resection
metastatic lymph
nodes mesorectum
NOTES
TAMIS
transanal excision
transcoccygeal
approach
transsphincteric
approach
Transverse colon and
splenic fl exure volvulus
diagnosis
epidemiology/pathogenesis
treatment
T rectal tumors
Trichuriasis
characteristic
microscopic appearance
endoscopic photograph
Trypanosomiasis
Tuberculosis
Tubular adenoma
Tubulovillous adenoma
Tumor resectability
IORT suite
Lucite tubes
primary TNM rectal
cancer
symptoms unresectable
tumor for cure
Turcot’s syndrome
U
UC. See Ulcerative
colitis (UC)
Ulcerative colitis
(UC)
after medical
induction remission
azathioprine (AZA)/-mercaptopurine
(-MP)
brooke ileostomy
continent ileostomy
controversies
CT
cyclosporine (CSA)
emergency vs.
elective procedures
endoscopy
ileal pouch-anal
anastomosis ( see Ileal
pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA))
indications surgery
infl iximab
intravenous
corticosteroids
IRA
laparoscopic
colectomy
medical management
distal
proctitis
mild-to-moderate
corticosteroids
sulfasalazine (SSZ)
and
-aminosalicylates (-ASA)
pathology
pouchitis
PSC
serum tests
tacrolimus
treatment effect
postsurgical
complications
Uncommon anal canal
neoplasms
adenocarcinoma
GISTs
melanoma
small cell
carcinoma/neuroendocrine
tumors
Uncommon perianal
neoplasms
BCC
Paget’s disease
verrucous carcinoma
Upper
gastrointestinal disease
Upper
gastrointestinal polyposis
duodenectomy and open
polypectomy
FGPs
Spigelman staging
system
Ureterosigmoidostomy
V
Vasculitis and
connective tissue disorders
Behcet’s disease
corrosive colitis
disinfectant colitis
diversion colitis
HSP
neutropenic
enterocolitis
NSAIDs and salicylate-induced
colitis
PAN
scleroderma
SLE
TEN
Vector volume
manometry
Viral
enteritis/colitis
CMV
HSV
W
Wireless motility
capsule
Wound implants
prevention
Wound infection
Y
Yersinia
