Monday, May 04, 2020

The importance of performing Autopsies in COVID19 Deaths

https://consultqd.clevelandclinic.org/lessons-from-two-covid-19-autopsies/
 The importance of performing Autopsies in COVID19 Deaths
If  the main cause of death in COVID-19  is DIC and not Respiratory failure we will have to totally rethink the treatment plans.



COVID-19 Autopsies, Oklahoma, USA 

American Journal of Clinical Pathology, aqaa062, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa062
Published:
 
10 April 2020

Characteristics of patients who died positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection in Italy

The report on the characteristics of COVID-19 positive deceased patients in Italy is published on this page on Friday.

The report " Impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the total mortality of the resident population in the first quarter of 2020 " is online (pdf 1.4 Mb) produced by ISS and ISTAT to provide an integrated reading of the epidemiological data of the spread of the COVID epidemic- 19 and of the total mortality data acquired and validated by ISTAT. This is the first time that Istat has disseminated this information referring to such a large number of municipalities. The large database, covering 86% of the population residing in Italy, allows to evaluate the effects of the impact of the spread of Covid-19 on the total mortality by gender and age in the initial period and the most rapid spread of the infection: March 2020.

Report on the characteristics of patients who died positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection in Italy

April 29, 2020 update
1. Champion

The analysis is based on a sample of 25,452 patients who died and were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection in Italy.

Distribuzione geografica dei decessi
Map of unspecified region with 1 data series.
pazienti deceduti e positivi all’infezione da SARS-CoV-2
+-EpiCentro
End of interactive chart.

2. Demographic data
The mean age of the deceased and SARS-CoV-2 positive patients is 79 years (median 81, range 0-100, InterQuartile Range - IQR 73-87). There are 9684 women (38.0%). The median age of SARS-CoV-2 positive deceased patients is more than 15 years higher than that of patients who contracted the infection (median age: patients who died 81 years - patients with infection 62 years). The figure shows the number of deaths by age group. Women who died after contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection are older than men (median ages: women 84 - men 79).
Numero di decessi per fascia di età
Bar chart with 3 data series.
pazienti deceduti e positivi all’infezione da SARS-CoV-2
The chart has 1 X axis displaying Fascia di età.
The chart has 1 Y axis displaying Numero di decessi. Range: 0 to 15000.
EpiCentro
End of interactive chart.

3. Pre-existing pathologies

The graph presents the most common pre-existing chronic pathologies (diagnosed before contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection) in deceased patients. This figure was obtained from 2351 deceased for whom it was possible to analyze the medical records. The average number of pathologies observed in this population is 3.3 (median 3, Standard Deviation 1.9). Overall, 90 patients (3.8% of the sample) had 0 pathologies, 340 (14.5%) had 1 pathology, 504 (21.4%) had 2 pathologies and 1417 (60.3%) had 3 or more pathologies . Prior to hospitalization, 24% of patients who died positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection followed ACE inhibitor therapy and 16% treated with Sartani (angiotensin receptor blockers). In women (n = 764) the average number of pathologies observed is 3.4 (median 3, Standard Deviation 1.9); in men (n = 1587) the average number of pathologies observed is 3.2 (median 3, Standard Deviation 1.9).

Numero di patologie
Pie chart with 4 slices.
pazienti deceduti e positivi all’infezione da SARS-CoV-2
EpiCentro
End of interactive chart.
Patologie preesistenti osservate più frequentemente per sesso
Bar chart with 3 data series.
pazienti deceduti e positivi all’infezione da SARS-CoV-2
The chart has 1 X axis displaying categories.
The chart has 1 Y axis displaying %. Range: 0 to 100.
EpiCentro
Diabete mellito-Tipo 2
Donne:31.4%
Uomini:31.9%
Totale:31.8%
End of interactive chart.

4. Hospitalization diagnosis
In 92.5% of hospitalization diagnoses conditions (e.g. pneumonia, respiratory failure) or symptoms (e.g. fever, dyspnoea, cough) compatible with COVID-19 were mentioned. In 166 cases (7.5% of cases) the diagnosis of hospitalization was not related to the infection. In 17 cases, the diagnosis of hospitalization concerned exclusively neoplastic pathologies, in 68 cases cardiovascular pathologies (for example acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke), in 23 cases gastrointestinal pathologies (for example cholecystitis, intestinal perforation, intestinal obstruction, cirrhosis), in 58 cases other pathologies.

5. Symptoms
The graph shows the symptoms most commonly observed prior to hospitalization in patients who died positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Dyspnoea fever and cough are the most common symptoms. Less frequent are diarrhea and hemoptysis. 6.0% of people had no symptoms at the time of hospitalization.
Sintomi più comuni
Bar chart with 5 bars.
pazienti deceduti e positivi all’infezione da SARS-CoV-2
The chart has 1 X axis displaying categories.
The chart has 1 Y axis displaying %. Range: 0 to 80.
EpiCentro
End of interactive chart.

6. Complications
Respiratory failure was the most commonly observed complication in this sample (97.1% of cases), followed by acute kidney injury (23.3%), superinfection (12.6%) and acute myocardial injury (10.9 %).
Complicanza più comunemente osservata
Bar chart with 4 bars.
pazienti deceduti e positivi all’infezione da SARS-CoV-2
The chart has 1 X axis displaying categories.
The chart has 1 Y axis displaying %. Range: 0 to 100.
EpiCentro
End of interactive chart.

7. Therapies
Antibiotic therapy has been commonly used during hospitalization (85% of cases), less used antiviral therapy (57%), more rarely steroid therapy (37%). The common use of antibiotic therapy can be explained by the presence of superinfections or is compatible with the beginning of empirical therapy in patients with pneumonia, pending laboratory confirmation of COVID-19. In 486 cases (21.0%) all three therapies were used. Tocilizumab was administered to 4.4% of patients who died positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

8. Times
The figure shows the median times (in days) that pass from the onset of symptoms to death (10 days), from the onset of symptoms to hospitalization (5 days) and from hospitalization to death (5 days). The time from hospitalization to death is 3 days longer in those who have been transferred to intensive care than those who have not been transferred (8 days versus 5 days).
Mediane dei tempi di ricovero
Bar chart with 5 data series.
pazienti deceduti e positivi all’infezione da SARS-CoV-2
The chart has 1 X axis displaying categories.
The chart has 1 Y axis displaying Numero mediano di giorni. Range: 0 to 12.
EpiCentro
End of interactive chart.

9. Deaths in patients under 50 years of age
As of April 29, 284 of the 25,452 (1.1%) positive SARS-CoV-2 patients who died under the age of 50 years. In particular, 59 of these were less than 40 years old (39 men and 20 women aged between 0 and 39). Of 9 patients under the age of 40 years, no clinical information is available, the other 40 had serious pre-existing diseases (cardiovascular, renal, psychiatric, diabetes, obesity) and 10 had no diagnosed significant diseases.

Based on the indications issued by the Ministry of Health in the Circular published on 25 February 2020 (protocol 0005889-25 / 02/2020), the certification of death due to COVID-19 must be accompanied by the opinion of the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS ). For this reason, a working group was created to study the causes of death of deceased patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The analysis is based on the data contained in the ISTAT medical records and death cards containing the causes of death of these patients. Data collection takes place via the web platform http://covid-19.iss.it , already used by national, epidemiological and virological surveillance of COVID-19 cases in Italy (coordinated by the ISS and activated by the Ministerial Circular of 22 January 2020, n.1997).

For information, you can send an e-mail to the e-mail address decessicovid-19@iss.it or contact dr. Graziano Onder (Director of the Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine Metabolic and Aging, ISS) at the telephone number: 06/49904231.

Useful resources
  • Circular 0005889-25 / 02/2020 (pdf 200 kb) published by the Ministry of Health on February 25, 2020
  • the EpiCentro page dedicated to national , epidemiological and virological surveillance of COVID-19 cases in Italy

"Covid 19, he is not the killer: the wrong diagnosis that has brought the world to its knees"

by Luca Mastinu | 

"Covid 19, he is not the killer: the wrong diagnosis that has brought the world to its knees" Bufale.net

We had already talked about it on April 11, but in an article published on April 21 the CityweekNapoli website re-launched the news of the "wrong diagnosis" on COVID-19. "He is not the killer" , the authors write, and refer to the alleged cardiologist of Pavia who would have discovered that the cause of the deaths of this historical context would not be attributable to respiratory problems, but to cardiovascular complications .

A news born on WhatsApp, shared on Facebook and then taken up by the clickbait sites

The name is not mentioned for this cardiologist, but in a highly shared post on Facebook we find all the general information. We present below the text of the post compulsively shared, which also has a certain precedent on WhatsApp:

CORONAVIRUS DEATH
Published by Prof.
S ***** G ********
Pavia cardiologist :
People go to resuscitation for generalized venous thromboembolism , especially pulmonary.
If this were the case, resuscitations and intubations are of no use because first of all you have to dissolve, indeed prevent these thromboembolisms. If you ventilate a lung where blood does not reach, it is not needed! In fact, 9 out of 10 die. Because the problem is cardiovascular, not respiratory ! It is venous microthrombosis, not pneumonia that determines fatality!
And why are thrombi formed? Because inflammation, as per school text, induces thrombosis through a complex but well-known pathophysiological mechanism.
Then? What scientific literature, especially Chinese, said until mid-March was that anti-inflammatories should not be used. Now in Italy anti-inflammatories and antibiotics are used (as in the influences) and the number of inpatients collapses.
Many deaths, even 40 years old, had a history of high fever for 10-15 days that was not treated properly. Here the inflammation destroyed everything and prepared the ground for the formation of thrombi. Because the main problem is not the virus, but the immune reaction that destroys the cells where the virus enters. In fact, our COVID departments have never entered patients with rheumatoid arthritis! Because I'm on cortisone therapy.
This is the main reason why hospitalizations in Italy are decreasing and it is becoming a curable disease at home.
By taking care of her well at home, you avoid not only hospitalization, but also the thrombotic risk.
It was not easy to understand it because the signs of microembolism have faded, even at the echocardium.
But this we have compared the data of the first 50 patients between those who breathe badly and those who do not and the situation has appeared very clear.
For me it could go back to normal life and reopen business. Quarantine street.
Not now. But time to publish this data. The vaccine can come slowly.
In America and other states that follow scientific literature calling for NOT to use anti-inflammatories is a disaster! Worse than in Italy.
And let's talk about old and cheap drugs. "
The colleague's testimony appears to be confirmed by the protocols of some other hospitals:
al Sacco give Clexane to everyone, with predictive D-dimer: the higher it is, the less the patient will respond.
at San Gerardo of Monza Clexane and cortisone
at Sant'Orsola in Bologna Clexane to all + protocol shared with family doctors who prescribe Plaquenil rain on all pcs. monosymptomatic at home
Intact with a clarification on anti-inflammatories:
COX 2 production increased in viral target tissues from patients with active viral infection and cox2 deletion has been shown to reduce mortality, while cox1 deletion is associated with worsening infection
So anti-inflammatory drugs like Brufen, naproxen, aspirin that inhibit cox1 as well as Cox 2 should not be used,
While celecoxib a selective Cox 2 inhibitor seems to give good results, we still have to wait for the outcome of studies, however this analysis highlights the need to use a high dose low molecular weight heparin in the most advanced stages of the disease ... (Clexane 8,000 IU / day)
testimony of an anatomo-pathologist: just think that the "Pope Giovanni XXIII" of Bergamo performed 50 autopsies and the "Sacco" of Milan 20 (the Italian one is the highest case record in the world, the Chinese have made only 3 and "Minimally invasive"). Everything that comes out seems to fully confirm the above information.
In a nutshell, it appears that the exit is determined by a DIC (for non-doctors, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation) triggered by the virus. So interstitial pneumonia would have nothing to do with it, it would have been only a diagnostic mistake : we doubled the number of resuscitation places, with exorbitant costs, probably unnecessarily.
In hindsight, I have to rethink all those Chest Rxs we commented about a month ago: those images that were interpreted as interstitial pneumonia could actually be completely consistent with a DIC.
It will be interesting now (once all this new information has been confirmed) to check whether there will be a "political will" to receive it from the institutions .
It could mean leaving this mess in four and four times, taking away a lot of broken parts (masks, tracking apps , queues at shops, etc. etc.).
Unfortunately I have some doubts about it ..

It is well known and logical that an expert who is sure of what he says would not seek fame on social networks but would contact the institutions to ensure that his actions and words are not in vain attempts, because a discovery cannot be reduced to sharing on social networks by users who have no scientific knowledge.

The denial of the person concerned

Above all, our experience in fact-checking teaches us that a word attributed to a person and shared compulsively requires verification with the person directly concerned. For this reason, in the verification phases of our previous article published on 11 April 2020, we had contacted the cardiologist mentioned in the viral letter. The person concerned had told us that he was not a cardiologist and above all that he had never written those words .

To know the full text of the denial letter, please read our previous article at this address . Moreover, the same content had been contested by Roberto Burioni on MedicalFacts on the same April 11 : "A stupidity of immense proportions" , and moreover the same doctor we had contacted had strongly contested the words reported in the viral content .

weeks-old hoax that, however, does not stop finding blood "thanks" to its publication on new sources that create clickbait titles. Talking about "wrong diagnosis" on the basis of a viral content denied by the same doctor to whom it is attributed means falling back into the temptations of a hoax .

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