what can be done to fight Diabetes in India

diabetes is a chronic disease which affects millions of people all over the world
india is becoming a country with the maximum number of diabetic patients. one of the main reasons for this is the changing nature of the diet and decreasing physical activity among Indians.
by the end of this  decade the number of obese people in India will double and the number of diabetes cases triple.


what can be done to fight this?
we should make physical education compulsory in all schools.
we should discourage our children from eating junk food which is becoming increasingly popular among young.

Lisinopril Conversion to ACE-Is and ARBs

	Approximate to Lisinopril 5mg	Equivalent to Lisinopril 10mg	Approximate to Lisinopril 20mg	Approximate to Lisinopril 40mg	Approximate to Lisinopril 80mg
Captopril	--	25mg BID	50mg BID	100mg BID	200mg BID
Enalapril	5mg	10mg	20mg	40mg	--
Ramipril	1.25mg	2.5mg	5mg	10mg	20mg
Benazepril	5mg	10mg	20mg	40mg	80mg
Fosinopril**	--	10mg	20mg	40mg	80mg
Moexipril	3.75mg	7.5mg	15mg	30mg	60mg
Perindopril	2mg	4mg	8mg	16mg	--
Trandolapril	0.5mg	1mg	2mg	4mg	4mg BID
Quinapril	5mg	10mg	20mg	40 mg	80mg
Candesartan	4mg	8mg	8-16mg	--	--
Valsartan	40mg	80mg	160mg	--	--
Losartan	25mg	50mg	100mg	--	--
Irbesartan	75mg	150mg	300mg	--	--
Olmesartan	5mg	10mg	20mg	--	--
Telmisartan	--	20mg	40mg	--	--

Lisinopril Conversion to ACE-Is and ARBs

 

 

*Approximate dosing was based off of ratios from known equivalent lisinopril doses

**If cough with lisinopril, Fosinopril (cough 2%-10%) may be used before switching to ARB

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kathryn Ley, our last pharmacy student, put this chart together.  Hopefully, it can serve as a good starting point. 

 

References:

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor antihypertensive dose comparison. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2009;25(8):250801.

Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) antihypertensive dose comparison. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2009;25(8):250801.

Diovan [package insert]. East Hanover, NJ: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp; 2011.

Lexi-Comp Online, Lexi-Drugs Online, Hudson, Ohio: Lexi-Comp, Inc.; 2011; September 12, 2011.

Lisinopril Conversion to ACE-Is and ARBs

	Approximate to Lisinopril 5mg	Equivalent to Lisinopril 10mg	Approximate to Lisinopril 20mg	Approximate to Lisinopril 40mg	Approximate to Lisinopril 80mg
Captopril	--	25mg BID	50mg BID	100mg BID	200mg BID
Enalapril	5mg	10mg	20mg	40mg	--
Ramipril	1.25mg	2.5mg	5mg	10mg	20mg
Benazepril	5mg	10mg	20mg	40mg	80mg
Fosinopril**	--	10mg	20mg	40mg	80mg
Moexipril	3.75mg	7.5mg	15mg	30mg	60mg
Perindopril	2mg	4mg	8mg	16mg	--
Trandolapril	0.5mg	1mg	2mg	4mg	4mg BID
Quinapril	5mg	10mg	20mg	40 mg	80mg
Candesartan	4mg	8mg	8-16mg	--	--
Valsartan	40mg	80mg	160mg	--	--
Losartan	25mg	50mg	100mg	--	--
Irbesartan	75mg	150mg	300mg	--	--
Olmesartan	5mg	10mg	20mg	--	--
Telmisartan	--	20mg	40mg	--	--

Lisinopril Conversion to ACE-Is and ARBs

 

 

*Approximate dosing was based off of ratios from known equivalent lisinopril doses

**If cough with lisinopril, Fosinopril (cough 2%-10%) may be used before switching to ARB

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kathryn Ley, our last pharmacy student, put this chart together.  Hopefully, it can serve as a good starting point. 

 

References:

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor antihypertensive dose comparison. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2009;25(8):250801.

Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) antihypertensive dose comparison. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2009;25(8):250801.

Diovan [package insert]. East Hanover, NJ: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp; 2011.

Lexi-Comp Online, Lexi-Drugs Online, Hudson, Ohio: Lexi-Comp, Inc.; 2011; September 12, 2011.