Friday, July 19, 2019

Neutering dogs does not prevent rabies. you stupid lady! Sangeeta Ghosh

Neutering dogs does not prevent rabies.  you stupid lady!

one more  life  for which  the great animal activista are responsible for .

it has become fashionable for  the  Upper rich classes to  become  animal activists to get in to prominence  as it is supposed to be the  IN THING to dao in  India

 but it is the  poor who are the sufferers.
 it is high time there is  a revolution  from the  people who are the  sufferers.


Seven-year-old boy bitten by stray in Thane, dies while undergoing treatment
According to police, the deceased has been identified as Arnav Patil, a resident of Haiwe-Dive village. “The boy was out playing with his friend on June 26, when he was bitten by the dog, which fled the spot before it could be captured."
By Express News Service |Thane |
Published: July 20, 2019 2:35:58 am



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stray dogs in mumbai, stray dogs in thane, thane stray dogs, mumbai stray dogs, stray dogs, stray dogs bite kid, mumbai news, Indian Express
According to police, the deceased has been identified as Arnav Patil, a resident of Haiwe-Dive village.
A seven-year-old boy died on Thursday while undergoing treatment after a stray dog allegedly bit him. The dog bit two other children in the same neighbourhood, sources said, both of whom are also being treated.

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According to police, the deceased has been identified as Arnav Patil, a resident of Haiwe-Dive village. “The boy was out playing with his friend on June 26, when he was bitten by the dog, which fled the spot before it could be captured. The next day, two other children, Nihan Mhatre (9) and Piyush Patil (9), from the same area, were also bitten,” an officer said.

Patil died after developing several complications, sources said. “The cause of death will be clear after the postmortem, but it seems prima facie that the animal was infected and the boy developed rabies,” said a doctor from the Thane civil hospital.

The Bhiwandi Nizampur City Municipal Corporation received flak from activists in the region for not having a sterilisation programme. “The animals were not neutered, and they were constantly displaced, which has been a major reason for display of aggressive behaviour,” said Sangeeta Ghosh, an animal activist.

“The dog that bit these children has still not been captured.. The child was, sadly, a victim of their negligence.”

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Embryonic, fetal, and neonatal myocyte allografts

The use of embryonic, fetal, and neonatal myocyte allografts are and
could remain hampered by the ethical dilemma of using
fetal and neonatal tissues for medical purposes.
 People who have  no moral or ethical problem Bombing and killing hundreds of humans by using  high altitude Bombing and Stealth drones  somehow have a great problem using  tissues  from  an  unborn fetus /embryo . it is really funny !
A single  IVF  embryo voluntarily donated  by  couple who have completed their  reproductive needs ( these excess embryos, would go waste  and  are  destroyed otherwise) and be used to produce  many more embryos by dividing them in the early  stages before a complete Morula formation

 Furthermore, the potential need for a large number of cells to repair an average-size scar in an adult human heart renders this approach rather cumbersome. Not really  one can  multiply theses cells  manyfolds  by  culturing  them  in a lab  under proper conditions.


Potential Sources of Muscle Cells
 A. Allogeneic sources
1. Human embryonic stem cells
 2. Allogeneic fetal or neonatal cardiac myocytes

 B. Transgeneic sources
1. Neonatal cardiac myocytes
2. Fetal cardiac myocytes
C. Autogeneic sources
 1. Skeletal muscle precursors
 2. Fibroblasts
3. Mesenchymal cells
4. Adult heart cells
5. Induction of cell division of cardiac myocytes


Two ES cell-lines–HES-1 and HES-2–from human blastocysts were passaged up to the 45th and 25th generations, respectively. The pluripotency of these cells was shown by the formation of human germ-cell derivatives in SCID mice. These cells have been shown to differentiate in vitro into nerve cells without using any specific agent or transgene.


It is also theoretically possible to prepare a patient’s own ES cells, which can be used for direct autotransplantation. For example, a differentiated somatic cell of a patient can be introduced into an enucleated human or animal oocyte, a process known as nuclear transfer [19]. The fused product is then exposed to an electrical pulse that stimulates the production of ES cells. These cells, which carry the patient’s own genome, can then be used for organ repair. The production of pluripotent ES cells from a human source will have tremendous potential in treating a variety of incurable diseases. In addition to being used to treat heart failure and Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases, these cells will be a powerful tool in developing drugs for gene therapy, and for the study of early human embryogenesis.


Many independent groups successfully transplanted fetal and neonatal cardiac myocyte suspensions directly into the myocardium [27–29]. Those studies used allogeneic or xenogeneic donors, including one study in which human fetal cardiomyocytes were grafted into rats [28]. Grafted fetal and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were reported to have the ability to form mature grafts in syngeneic heart, acutely injured myocardium, and granulation tissue in the heart [30]. Currently fetal cardiac myocytes have proved to be the most rewarding source for cell transplantation because of their ability to integrate into the recipient myocardium both structurally and functionally. The first published study of improved hemodynamics after cell transplantation into diseased myocardium used fetal cardiac myocytes [29].

Sunday, July 14, 2019

Milestones in renal transplantation



Year

Name & Achievement
600 BCE
Sushruta Wrote Sushruta Samhita Sanskrit text describing restorative surgery of ears and noses
1597 

  
Gaspare Tagliacozzi Wrote De Curtorum Chirurgia per Insitionem (On the Surgery of Mutilation by Skin Grafting)
1700s
John Hunter “Father of experimental surgery,” performed experiments on bone, glands, and teeth grafting. Used cock’s comb as graft bed for it spurs. Did tooth transplants as “clinical” service
1902
Alexis Carrel Developed vascular surgery allowing transplantation of vascularized organs
1902
Emerich Ullman Performed an autotransplant of a dog’s kidney into the neck vessels
1902 Alfred von Decastello Performed dog-to-dog kidney transplant

1906
Mathieu Jaboulay Attempted the first human kidney transplant (donors pig and goat, transplanted to arm)
1909
Ernst Unger Performed two monkey-to-human kidney transplants
1937
Yu Yu Voronoy First human-to-human transplant
1930
Leo Loeb Skin grafts survival only in identical twins (mice)
1937
James Barrett Brown Skin grafts survive only in identical twins (humans)
1943
Peter Medawar Neonatal tolerance, rejection of an immune process
1940
Willem Kolff First successful hemodialysis machines
1953
Jean Hamburger First living-related renal transplant
1954
Joseph Murray First successful renal transplant (twins)
1955
Main and Prehn Radiation and bone marrow immunosuppression
1958
Jean Dausset Discovered the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system
1958
Robert Schwartz and  6-Mercaptopurine and Imuran as immunosuppressants William Dameshek
1963
Thomas Starzl Combination of Imuran and prednisone introduced
1966
Thomas Starzl Antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) used clinically
1972
US Congress Amendment to Social Security Act established dialysis support as entitlement
1978
Roy Calne Cyclosporine used clinically in renal transplants
1980
Thomas Starzl Combined prednisone with cyclosporine improved efficacy and decreased toxicity
1984
US Congress National Transplant Act
1989
Thomas Starzl FK506 (tacrolimus) used in humans


So this Journalist thinks what is happening in kashmir so far is not open rebellion!

 "prospect of an open rebellion in the crown of India"

"Tere suraksha ke liye [for your own safety "cooked up by Atreyee Sen

Atreyee Sen
University of Manchester, UK

apni hifazat ke liye  is what any  self respecting  urdu speaking  muslin person would say not 
"Tere suraksha ke liye"

which can be  uttered only by a BJP cadre.

Some  people make it a habit to create  stories  which resonate among the  west and  perpetuate  the  original colonial mentality  there  Modern day  Jai sing projeny do this to get  academic positions  and  recognition.


How did £1,007,940 (£ 35,000,000 value today) of Telangana treasure ended with pakistan ?

 from

The Destruction of Hyderabad. A.G.Noorani Abdul Ghafoor Abdul Majeed Noorani.

( London: Husrt & Company, 2014. Pp. 338


 KCR/ CM K.Chandrasekhar rao should ask for this money (35 million Pounds ) to help the development  of Telangana

The last pages of the chapter „At the United Nations‟ also reveals obtrusive investigation on the controversy of Hyderabad Funds. On June 26, 1948, the Nizam issued a „Firman‟ by earmarking the credit of £1,007,940 at Westminster Bank, under the title of “Government of Hyderabad”. Moin Nawaz and Mir Nawaz Jung Bahadur, the Nizam‟s Agent-General in London had the powers to operate the account. “On September 16, Mir Nawaz called on Habib Rahimtoola, a former Bombay businessman, and then Pakistan‟s High Commissioner in London..... and asked him to accept a transfer of the funds‟. Habib Rahimtoola accepted the transfer on the advice of the then Foreign Minister of Pakistan, Sir Mohammed Zafarullah, Habib Rahimtoola though he, in his statements during investigations, professed ignorance on whether the money belonged to the Nizam or the State. This was followed by the instructions given by Moin to the Westminster Bank to close the Nizam Government‟s account and confirmed the specimen signatures of Rahimtoola under the Book Reviews 195 title „Habib Ibrahim Rahimtoola, High Commissioner for Pakistan in London‟. The letter was delivered to the Bank by hand on September 20, three days after the defeat of the Nizam. Soon, the cables were routed through the Government of India in reaction to the re-transfer of the account. On September 28, a request was sent by the Nizam himself. When Rahimtoola was replaced by Mr. M.A.H. Isphahani, Pakistan's High Commissioner in London, Rahimtoola requested the Bank to transfer the debt to his name. This was refused by the Bank, and soon the Government of India filed a suit in England against Moin Nawaz, Rahimtoola and the Bank for recovery of the money with interest. Since there was no breach done by either Moin or Rahimtoola legally, the transaction was considered inter-governmental and therefore to be solved in inter-governmental negotiations, in a ruling in July 1956. The Appellant Court, however, gave a unanimous decision in favour of the Nizam who had denied the orders regarding the transfer of money in favour of Rahimtoola on an affidavit. The decision of Court of Appeal was once again reversed by the five judges of the House of Lords unanimously in November 1957, and held Pakistan as a “legal owner of the funds without having the „equitable title‟ or „beneficial interests‟ which vested in the Nizam. The latter could displace the former by litigation, but Pakistan as a sovereign state, refused to participate in the exercise altogether (p.268).” The issue had remained crucial in the talks between India and Pakistan, and eventually in 1960, was settled on sharing the amount with the ratio of 40:60. Both the countries jointly submitted a letter to the Westminster Bank on November 15, 1983. The request has been rejected by the bank on the basis of the instructions filed by the Nizam to The Nova Scotia Company (Bahamas) Limited, as a trustee of the fund for his two grandsons, and other family members. The Nova Scotia Bank has given a formal notice in regard to their interest in the fund to the Westminster Bank (p.268). With this background in place, authenticated by the research documents of a leading lawyer of India, the recent direction by a UK court to pay 1,50,000 pounds to India as legal fees in the 67-year-old Hyderabad funds case involving the Nizam‟s money, looks malign and unreasonable (As per Mr  Noorani). Strategic Studies 196 The court has denied the „sovereign immunity‟ to Pakistan in this case, and termed Pakistan‟s behaviour as “unreasonable”. The sum of "Hyderabad Funds‟ is currently valued as 35 million pounds.