Saturday, October 08, 2011

what can be done to fight Diabetes in India

diabetes is a chronic disease which affects millions of people all over the world
india is becoming a country with the maximum number of diabetic patients. one of the main reasons for this is the changing nature of the diet and decreasing physical activity among Indians.
by the end of this  decade the number of obese people in India will double and the number of diabetes cases triple.


what can be done to fight this?
we should make physical education compulsory in all schools.
we should discourage our children from eating junk food which is becoming increasingly popular among young.

Tuesday, October 04, 2011

Lisinopril Conversion to ACE-Is and ARBs

 

Approximate to Lisinopril 5mg

Equivalent to Lisinopril 10mg

Approximate to Lisinopril 20mg

Approximate to Lisinopril 40mg

Approximate to Lisinopril 80mg

Captopril

--

25mg BID

50mg BID

100mg BID

200mg BID

Enalapril

5mg

10mg

20mg

40mg

--

Ramipril

1.25mg

2.5mg

5mg

10mg

20mg

Benazepril

5mg

10mg

20mg

40mg

80mg

Fosinopril**

--

10mg

20mg

40mg

80mg

Moexipril

3.75mg

7.5mg

15mg

30mg

60mg

Perindopril

2mg

4mg

8mg

16mg

--

Trandolapril

0.5mg

1mg

2mg

4mg

4mg BID

Quinapril

5mg

10mg

20mg

40 mg

80mg

Candesartan

4mg

8mg

8-16mg

--

--

Valsartan

40mg

80mg

160mg

--

--

Losartan

25mg

50mg

100mg

--

--

Irbesartan

75mg

150mg

300mg

--

--

Olmesartan

5mg

10mg

20mg

--

--

Telmisartan

--

20mg

40mg

--

--

Lisinopril Conversion to ACE-Is and ARBs


 


 

*Approximate dosing was based off of ratios from known equivalent lisinopril doses

**If cough with lisinopril, Fosinopril (cough 2%-10%) may be used before switching to ARB


 


 


 


 


 


 

Kathryn Ley, our last pharmacy student, put this chart together.  Hopefully, it can serve as a good starting point. 


 

References:

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor antihypertensive dose comparison. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2009;25(8):250801.

Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) antihypertensive dose comparison. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2009;25(8):250801.

Diovan [package insert]. East Hanover, NJ: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp; 2011.

Lexi-Comp Online, Lexi-Drugs Online, Hudson, Ohio: Lexi-Comp, Inc.; 2011; September 12, 2011.

Lisinopril Conversion to ACE-Is and ARBs

 

Approximate to Lisinopril 5mg

Equivalent to Lisinopril 10mg

Approximate to Lisinopril 20mg

Approximate to Lisinopril 40mg

Approximate to Lisinopril 80mg

Captopril

--

25mg BID

50mg BID

100mg BID

200mg BID

Enalapril

5mg

10mg

20mg

40mg

--

Ramipril

1.25mg

2.5mg

5mg

10mg

20mg

Benazepril

5mg

10mg

20mg

40mg

80mg

Fosinopril**

--

10mg

20mg

40mg

80mg

Moexipril

3.75mg

7.5mg

15mg

30mg

60mg

Perindopril

2mg

4mg

8mg

16mg

--

Trandolapril

0.5mg

1mg

2mg

4mg

4mg BID

Quinapril

5mg

10mg

20mg

40 mg

80mg

Candesartan

4mg

8mg

8-16mg

--

--

Valsartan

40mg

80mg

160mg

--

--

Losartan

25mg

50mg

100mg

--

--

Irbesartan

75mg

150mg

300mg

--

--

Olmesartan

5mg

10mg

20mg

--

--

Telmisartan

--

20mg

40mg

--

--

Lisinopril Conversion to ACE-Is and ARBs


 


 

*Approximate dosing was based off of ratios from known equivalent lisinopril doses

**If cough with lisinopril, Fosinopril (cough 2%-10%) may be used before switching to ARB


 


 


 


 


 


 

Kathryn Ley, our last pharmacy student, put this chart together.  Hopefully, it can serve as a good starting point. 


 

References:

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor antihypertensive dose comparison. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2009;25(8):250801.

Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) antihypertensive dose comparison. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter 2009;25(8):250801.

Diovan [package insert]. East Hanover, NJ: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp; 2011.

Lexi-Comp Online, Lexi-Drugs Online, Hudson, Ohio: Lexi-Comp, Inc.; 2011; September 12, 2011.

Saturday, September 03, 2011

ganesh chaturthi kayavastra daanam

on the  occasion of ganesh chaturthi  I am reminded of how  our ancestors were more progressive and  had a better vision and imagination than the present  generation of indians.
In India, the concept of organ transplant has been in existence from ancient times- the oldest example is Lord Ganesh - an example of xeno-transplantation.

every one keeps saying




Ramanuja's Commentary
Weapons are powerless to inflict any injury by cutting or piercing, fire is powerless to burn, water is powerless to wet and air is powerless to dry the eternal soul. The soul having the propensity of pervading everything being capable by its nature of interpenetrating all substances. It is subtler than any substance and no substance can penetrate it. The effects of cutting, burning, soaking, drying and others which takes place by weapons, fire, water, air and the rest penetrate the object which is the focus of their direction; but due to its impregnable nature the soul is uninfluenced being beyond the scope of the material substratum. Hence the eternal soul is unchangeable, immovable and everlasting “acchedyo-ayam adahyo-ayam
akledyo-asoshya ev ch
nity sarv-gatah sthanur

achalo-ayam sanatanah” (Bhagwat Gita: Chapter II verse 24)

"Sri Krishna said: For this individual soul is incapable of being cut; and insoluble, and can be neither burned nor dried. This soul is eternal, constant, omnipresent, unchangeable, immovable and everlasting."The body is perishable,subject to the process of aging,sickness and  injury.
Our body is like our clothes that we wear on our body & after death these worn out clothes are dropped by the embodied soul . You in essence are a 'Soul' & this 'Soul' of yours shall wear another body ( read, shall wear another pair of clothes) after death. So this eternal Soul which is indestructible, changes its present embodied form for another embodied form, when the physical body perishes.

why is it that we are so attached to theses worn out clothes so much ?
why we don't want to donate theses clothes?
even when  we are going to burn them and  they are not  going to remain in  their present status ,and the same  wornout clothes can give  another Human being  a new life.

we have heard of  godaana, bhoodaanam ,vastra daanam etc
it is high time  the  Hindu religious heads  come up with the  value of  kaya daanam  ( donating  your  dead body/organs ) kaaya vastradaanam,(donating  your  wornout  coth like dead body /organs )



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newinterface

Vinayaka chavithi and organ transplantation _donating your worn clothes

on the  occasion of ganesh chaturthi  I am reminded of how  our ancestors were more progressive and  had a better vision and imagination than the present  generation of indians.
In India, the concept of organ transplant has been in existence from ancient times- the oldest example is Lord Ganesh - an example of xeno-transplantation.

every one keeps saying



Ramanuja's Commentary
Weapons are powerless to inflict any injury by cutting or piercing, fire is powerless to burn, water is powerless to wet and air is powerless to dry the eternal soul. The soul having the propensity of pervading everything being capable by its nature of interpenetrating all substances. It is subtler than any substance and no substance can penetrate it. The effects of cutting, burning, soaking, drying and others which takes place by weapons, fire, water, air and the rest penetrate the object which is the focus of their direction; but due to its impregnable nature the soul is uninfluenced being beyond the scope of the material substratum. Hence the eternal soul is unchangeable, immovable and everlasting
 “acchedyo-ayam adahyo-ayam
akledyo-asoshya ev ch
nity sarv-gatah sthanur

achalo-ayam sanatanah” (Bhagwat Gita: Chapter II verse 24)

"Sri Krishna said: For this individual soul is incapable of being cut; and insoluble, and can be neither burned nor dried. This soul is eternal, constant, omnipresent, unchangeable, immovable and everlasting."The body is perishable,subject to the process of aging,sickness and  injury.
Our body is like our clothes that we wear on our body & after death these worn out clothes are dropped by the embodied soul . You in essence are a 'Soul' & this 'Soul' of yours shall wear another body ( read, shall wear another pair of clothes) after death. So this eternal Soul which is indestructible, changes its present embodied form for another embodied form, when the physical body perishes.

why is it that we are so attached to theses worn out clothes so much ?
why we don't want to donate theses clothes?
even when  we are going to burn them and  they are not  going to remain in  their present status ,and the same  wornout clothes can give  another Human being  a new life.

we have heard of  godaana, bhoodaanam ,vastra daanam etc
it is high time  the  Hindu religious heads  come up with the  value of  kaya daanam  ( donating  your  dead body/organs ) kaaya vastradaanam,(donating  your  wornout  coth like dead body /organs )