As a Pediatric surgeon, I am always wondering how many people do not understand the myriad things which can go wrong in a pregnancy.
In a way ignorance is Bliss.
the following is a list of things which can be detected early in pregnancy so that parents can make a decision regarding termination of pregnancy.
Although it may sound cruel, heartless and actually make pediatric surgeons extinct. In my opinion, over the whole lifetime of the child, this termination may be a more humane solution especially in a poor country with poor mothers like India.
In a way ignorance is Bliss.
the following is a list of things which can be detected early in pregnancy so that parents can make a decision regarding termination of pregnancy.
Although it may sound cruel, heartless and actually make pediatric surgeons extinct. In my opinion, over the whole lifetime of the child, this termination may be a more humane solution especially in a poor country with poor mothers like India.
- HEAD
- Acrania
- Exencephalon
- Encephalocele
- Anterior
- Occipital
- Parietal
- Craniorachischisis
- Iniencephaly
- Abnormal shape of the head
- Brachycephaly
- Dolichocephaly
- Trigonocephaly (strawberry shaped head)
- Hypomineralised skull
-
Brain
- Unclassified severe anomalies of the brain
- Holoprosencephaly
- Alobar
- Semilobar
- Lobar
- Amniotic band related brain lesions
- Ventriculomegaly
- Choroid plexus cyst (CPC)
- Striatal cysts
- Spongiform choroid plexus
- Arachnoid cysts
- Midline cysts
- Dandy Walker syndrome
- 4th ventricle cysts
- Blake pouch cysts
SPINE
- Spina bifida:
- Brain (cranial signs)
- Meningomyelocele
- Rachischisis
- Closed spina bifida
- Fetal tail
- Sirenomelia
- Hemivertebra
- Diastematomielia
- Caudal regression
- Kyphosis
- Midfacial hypoplasia (flat face)
- Anophtalmia
- Microphtalmia
- Cyclopia
- Arhinia
- Proboscis
- Facial clefts
- Midline cleft
- Bilateral cleft
- Unilateral cleft
- Atypical cleft – amniotic band
- Micrognathia
- Cervical cysts/jugular lymphatic sacs
- Cystic hygroma
- Nuchal edema
- Nuchal cyst
- Scalp cysts
- Lymphatic cysts
- Early fetal hydrops
- Pleural effusion
- Pericardial effusion
- Ascites
- Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)
- Left
- Right
- Lung agenesis
- Small chest
- Congenital High Airway Obstruction Syndrome (CHAOS)
- Transposition of great arteries (TGA)
- Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
- Double outlet right ventricle (DORV)
- Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS)
- Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD)
- Coarctation of aorta (CoA)
- Absent pulmonary valve
- Bidirectional flow in aorta
- Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
- Interrupted aortic arch
- Right and double aortic arch
- Aortic stenosis
- Pulmonary stenosis
- Mitral atresia
- Ebstein anomaly
- Tricuspid dysplasia
- Tricuspid atresia
- Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PAIVS)
- Univentricular heart
- Ectopia cordis
- Dextrocardia
- Left atrial isomerism (LAi)
- Right atrial isomerism (RAi)
- Bradycardia
- Congenital heart block
- Dying fetus
- Tachycardia
- Cardiomegaly
- Single umbilical artery (SUA)
- Persistent vitelline artery
- Agenesis of ductus venosus (DV)
- Intrahepatic
- Extrahepatic
- Interrupted inferior vena cava (IVC) and azygos continuation
- Persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV)
- Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC)
- Bilateral renal agenesis
- Unilateral renal agenesis
- Megacystis
- Lover urinary tract obstruction (LUTO)
- Posterior urethral valves (PUV)
- Urethral atresia
- Meatal stenosis
- Renal pelvic dilatation (RPD) and hydronephrosis
- Hydroureter
- Echogenic kidney
- Cystic kidney
- Duplex kidney
- Pelvic kidney
- Horseshoe kidney
- Cloacal anomaly
- Patent urachus
- Allantoic cysts
- Intraabdominal cysts
- Anal atresia
- Bowel dilatation
- Exomphalos (omphalocele)
- Bowel
- Bowel and liver
- Gastroschisis
- Bowel
- Bowel and liver
- Pentalogy of Cantrell
- Bladder exstrophy
- Cloacal exstrophy
- OEIS complex (omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects)
- Body stalk anomaly
- Polydactyly
- Hands
- Feet
- Syndactyly
- Ectrodactyly (Claw hand)
- Clenched hand
- Transverse arm defects
- Radial aplasia
- Amniotic band related limb anomalies
- Focal femoral dysplasia
- Amelia
- Short limbs
- Talipes
- X deformed legs
- Fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS)
- Intrauterine fractures
- Thanatophoric dysplasia
- Osteogenesis imperfecta (types II-III)
- Achondrogenesis
- Short rib polydactyly
- Chondrodysplasia punctata
- Diastrophic dysplasia
- Hypophosphatasia
- Jarcho Levin syndrome
- Trisomy 21
- Trisomy 18
- Trisomy 13
- Turners syndrome
- Triploidy maternal (digynic)
- Triploidy paternal (diandric)
- DiGeorge syndrome (22q11 deletion)
- Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome (SLO)
- Meckel Gruber syndrome
- Joubert syndrome
- Fraser syndrome
- Noonan syndrome
- VACTERL association
- Intrauterine infection
- Partial mole
- Placental cysts
- Chorionic bump
- Anhydramnios
- Oligohydramnios
- Baby in the envelope
- Amniotic band syndrome
- Intrauterine synechia
- Velamentous cord insertion
- Umbilical cord cysts
- Pregnancy in scar
- Subchorial haematoma
- Twins
- Dichorionic
- Monochorionic
- Monoamniotic
- Conjoined
- Twin with abnormal co-twin
- Growth discordancy
- Triplets
- High order pregnancies
- Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence or acardiac twinning
- Molar pregnancy with normal co-twin
- Nuchal translucency (NT)
- Nasal bone (NB)
- Ductus venosus (DV)
- Tricuspid regurgitation (TR)
- Frontomaxillary facial (FMF) angle
- Hepatic artery
- hCG
- PAPP-A
- Aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA)
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