00059
Can a Doctor Look into Sinuses for Infection?
sinuses infection Respiratory System sinus infections endoscopy
fiberoptic special procedure procedures endoscopies fiberoptics
VolumeP-6, A-6
Can a Doctor Look into Sinuses for Infection?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUESTION: Can a doctor look into your sinuses for infection?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSWER: In the past, examining and treating sinus infection was very
difficult because the sinus cavities were dark and inaccessible. Now,
however, there are new instruments based on miniature video cameras and light
transmitters that are very successful in diagnosing sinus conditions. These
new instruments are used in combination with endoscopy, a procedure which
allows internal body sites to be examined through the use of a fiberoptic
device that is inserted through a passageway such as the nose.
Endoscopy has opened an entirely new view of the sinuses by taking light
around awkward angles and illuminating the dark air spaces within the skull.
These interior views can be seen by the physician and projected on a monitor
screen as well. If a sinus infection requires surgery, these same instruments
can be used during the surgical process. As a result, there is less bleeding,
less anesthesia is required, and, in most cases, hospitalization is no longer
necessary for the operation.
----------------
The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
problem.
d:\dp\0006\00060.TXT
************************************************************************
00060
What Happens When You Don't Get Enough Sleep?
sleep fatigue ill defined symptoms Neurological biochemical hormonal
synchronizer psychotic hallucinations paranoid sleeping symptom
VolumeN-1
What Happens When You Don't Get Enough Sleep?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUESTION: What with studies, a part time job, and just plain too much to do,
I am sure I am not getting the sleep I should. I know it's having a bad
effect on me. What happens when you don't get enough sleep?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSWER: After a couple of days without enough sleep, you get pretty grumpy.
After a longer period, that grumpiness and inability to concentrate become
more pronounced. Neurological, biochemical and hormonal changes occur when
sleep is disrupted; sleep is a powerful synchronizer of many of our body's
functions. Sleep research is difficult to perform because individuals vary
greatly in their need for sleep, and in their reactions to sleep disruptions.
We know that we all react to interrupted sleep with fatigue, inability to
concentrate and a general feeling of discomfort. However, we don't know what
the actual physical effects of sleep interruption can be. Chronic lack of
sleep is believed to have long-term health and psychological effects.
Total lack of sleep for more than four continuous days and nights often
causes psychotic reactions such as hallucinations and paranoid feelings. Some
people react with psychotic disturbances after as little as 24 hours without
sleep.
When you are faced with a lack of sleep, especially over a long period of
time, be sure you eat a balanced diet and get as much rest as possible. Try
to establish a regular pattern of sleep, even if you are not getting as much
sleep as you need. Burning the candle at both ends, and in the middle as
well, can not be helping your studies. Why not try a session with your school
counselor, and see if between you a more logical program can be developed that
can help you attack your problems without killing yourself.
----------------
The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
problem.
d:\dp\0006\00061.TXT
************************************************************************
00061
Is it Possible to Cough Up a Stone?
cough up stone calcification Respiratory System Lithoptysis spitting
stones broncholithiasis tracheobronchial lung tuberculosis calcium phosphate
carbonate cardiopulmonary pebble coughing calcifications pebbles
VolumeH-5
Log
Cross Section of the Lung*0005901.scf
Anatomy of the Bronchial Tree*0005902.scf
Is it Possible to Cough Up a Stone?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUESTION: I couldn't believe it but apparently it's true. My husband had a
severe coughing spell and produced, instead of mucus, a little pebble. Is it
possible to cough up a stone? Where would it come from?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSWER: Lithoptysis, or the spitting up of stones, has been documented since
ancient times and is the result of broncholithiasis, a disorder where
calcified material enters the tracheobronchial tree. Its often linked to lung
infections, such as tuberculosis, since the gravel-like stones, or
broncholiths, are believed to form when lymph nodes that surround the bronchi
(tubes that carry the oxygen to the lung tissue) become saturated with calcium
and calcify during the inflammatory stages of such an infection.
Though the exact biochemistry of tissue calcification is not completely
clear, we do know that once a lung infection develops, the necrotic or dead
tissue in the lung and surrounding lymph nodes become alkaline during the
healing process. This alkaline environment allows calcium phosphate and
carbonate to mass together and form deposits. Then, due to the constant
motion of the cardiopulmonary system, these calcified deposits enter the
bronchial tree by erosion and the stone is formed.
In many cases of broncholithiasis, no treatment is necessary because once
the stone is coughed up, the lung can usually clear itself. However,
broad-spectrum antibiotics may be prescribed for patients who are prone to
lung infections, and routine follow-ups should always be made to check for any
possible complications. I hope you have kept the "pebble" to show to your
physician, and will now seek the necessary professional care.
----------------
The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
problem.
Can a Doctor Look into Sinuses for Infection?
sinuses infection Respiratory System sinus infections endoscopy
fiberoptic special procedure procedures endoscopies fiberoptics
VolumeP-6, A-6
Can a Doctor Look into Sinuses for Infection?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUESTION: Can a doctor look into your sinuses for infection?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSWER: In the past, examining and treating sinus infection was very
difficult because the sinus cavities were dark and inaccessible. Now,
however, there are new instruments based on miniature video cameras and light
transmitters that are very successful in diagnosing sinus conditions. These
new instruments are used in combination with endoscopy, a procedure which
allows internal body sites to be examined through the use of a fiberoptic
device that is inserted through a passageway such as the nose.
Endoscopy has opened an entirely new view of the sinuses by taking light
around awkward angles and illuminating the dark air spaces within the skull.
These interior views can be seen by the physician and projected on a monitor
screen as well. If a sinus infection requires surgery, these same instruments
can be used during the surgical process. As a result, there is less bleeding,
less anesthesia is required, and, in most cases, hospitalization is no longer
necessary for the operation.
----------------
The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
problem.
d:\dp\0006\00060.TXT
************************************************************************
00060
What Happens When You Don't Get Enough Sleep?
sleep fatigue ill defined symptoms Neurological biochemical hormonal
synchronizer psychotic hallucinations paranoid sleeping symptom
VolumeN-1
What Happens When You Don't Get Enough Sleep?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUESTION: What with studies, a part time job, and just plain too much to do,
I am sure I am not getting the sleep I should. I know it's having a bad
effect on me. What happens when you don't get enough sleep?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSWER: After a couple of days without enough sleep, you get pretty grumpy.
After a longer period, that grumpiness and inability to concentrate become
more pronounced. Neurological, biochemical and hormonal changes occur when
sleep is disrupted; sleep is a powerful synchronizer of many of our body's
functions. Sleep research is difficult to perform because individuals vary
greatly in their need for sleep, and in their reactions to sleep disruptions.
We know that we all react to interrupted sleep with fatigue, inability to
concentrate and a general feeling of discomfort. However, we don't know what
the actual physical effects of sleep interruption can be. Chronic lack of
sleep is believed to have long-term health and psychological effects.
Total lack of sleep for more than four continuous days and nights often
causes psychotic reactions such as hallucinations and paranoid feelings. Some
people react with psychotic disturbances after as little as 24 hours without
sleep.
When you are faced with a lack of sleep, especially over a long period of
time, be sure you eat a balanced diet and get as much rest as possible. Try
to establish a regular pattern of sleep, even if you are not getting as much
sleep as you need. Burning the candle at both ends, and in the middle as
well, can not be helping your studies. Why not try a session with your school
counselor, and see if between you a more logical program can be developed that
can help you attack your problems without killing yourself.
----------------
The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
problem.
d:\dp\0006\00061.TXT
************************************************************************
00061
Is it Possible to Cough Up a Stone?
cough up stone calcification Respiratory System Lithoptysis spitting
stones broncholithiasis tracheobronchial lung tuberculosis calcium phosphate
carbonate cardiopulmonary pebble coughing calcifications pebbles
VolumeH-5
Log
Cross Section of the Lung*0005901.scf
Anatomy of the Bronchial Tree*0005902.scf
Is it Possible to Cough Up a Stone?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
QUESTION: I couldn't believe it but apparently it's true. My husband had a
severe coughing spell and produced, instead of mucus, a little pebble. Is it
possible to cough up a stone? Where would it come from?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSWER: Lithoptysis, or the spitting up of stones, has been documented since
ancient times and is the result of broncholithiasis, a disorder where
calcified material enters the tracheobronchial tree. Its often linked to lung
infections, such as tuberculosis, since the gravel-like stones, or
broncholiths, are believed to form when lymph nodes that surround the bronchi
(tubes that carry the oxygen to the lung tissue) become saturated with calcium
and calcify during the inflammatory stages of such an infection.
Though the exact biochemistry of tissue calcification is not completely
clear, we do know that once a lung infection develops, the necrotic or dead
tissue in the lung and surrounding lymph nodes become alkaline during the
healing process. This alkaline environment allows calcium phosphate and
carbonate to mass together and form deposits. Then, due to the constant
motion of the cardiopulmonary system, these calcified deposits enter the
bronchial tree by erosion and the stone is formed.
In many cases of broncholithiasis, no treatment is necessary because once
the stone is coughed up, the lung can usually clear itself. However,
broad-spectrum antibiotics may be prescribed for patients who are prone to
lung infections, and routine follow-ups should always be made to check for any
possible complications. I hope you have kept the "pebble" to show to your
physician, and will now seek the necessary professional care.
----------------
The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
problem.
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