Diabetes is a classic example of why the biopsychosocial model in health psychology is so important and shows the relevance of culture
Biology interacts with psychological moods and health behaviors such as eating, which in turn are influenced by societal norms (Sapolsky, 2017).
After adjusting for population age differences, compared with non-Hispanic White adults, the risk of diagnosed diabetes was 18% higher among Asian Americans, 66% higher among Hispanics/Latinos, and 77% higher among non-Hispanic Blacks (NDIC, 2011).
The age-adjusted prevalence rates for diabetes show that whereas close to 20% of American Indians, of African Americans, and 14% of Hispanic Americans have diabetes, only 8% of European Americans have diabetes. ( This author is close to my thinking using European Americans, but uses the term American Indians )
Though a bad diet is a direct risk factor for diabetes, research now suggests that smoking is a major factor as well (Isaac & Rief, 2017). A literature review Of studies including 1.2 million participants showed that, on average, tobacco users havv a 44% higher chance of developing type 2 diabetes (Willi, Bodenmann, Ghali, Faris, & Cornuz, 2007).
The risk of diabetes was greater for heavy smokers (20 or more cigarettes per day) than for lighter smokers, and lower for former smokers compared with active smokers.
In addition to insulin, another hormone that has implications for mental and physical health is melatonin. Produced by the pineal gland, melatonin affects the reproductive cycle we sleep. Not receiving enough sunlight can cause seasonal affective disorder (SAD), which can be alleviated by controlling levels of melatonin (Praschak-Rieder, Willeit, Sitte, Meyer, & Kasper, 2011). We shalltalk more about diabetes and the risks of trying to get more sun "
in future posts
*
Biology interacts with psychological moods and health behaviors such as eating, which in turn are influenced by societal norms (Sapolsky, 2017).
After adjusting for population age differences, compared with non-Hispanic White adults, the risk of diagnosed diabetes was 18% higher among Asian Americans, 66% higher among Hispanics/Latinos, and 77% higher among non-Hispanic Blacks (NDIC, 2011).
The age-adjusted prevalence rates for diabetes show that whereas close to 20% of American Indians, of African Americans, and 14% of Hispanic Americans have diabetes, only 8% of European Americans have diabetes. ( This author is close to my thinking using European Americans, but uses the term American Indians )
Though a bad diet is a direct risk factor for diabetes, research now suggests that smoking is a major factor as well (Isaac & Rief, 2017). A literature review Of studies including 1.2 million participants showed that, on average, tobacco users havv a 44% higher chance of developing type 2 diabetes (Willi, Bodenmann, Ghali, Faris, & Cornuz, 2007).
The risk of diabetes was greater for heavy smokers (20 or more cigarettes per day) than for lighter smokers, and lower for former smokers compared with active smokers.
In addition to insulin, another hormone that has implications for mental and physical health is melatonin. Produced by the pineal gland, melatonin affects the reproductive cycle we sleep. Not receiving enough sunlight can cause seasonal affective disorder (SAD), which can be alleviated by controlling levels of melatonin (Praschak-Rieder, Willeit, Sitte, Meyer, & Kasper, 2011). We shalltalk more about diabetes and the risks of trying to get more sun "
in future posts
*
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